Studies on Aryl-Substituted Phenylalanines: Synthesis, Activity, and Different Binding Modes at AMPA Receptors
作者:Ewa Szymanska、Karla Frydenvang、Darryl S. Pickering、Christian Krintel、Birgitte Nielsen、Ayesheh Kooshki、Linda G. Zachariassen、Lars Olsen、Jette S. Kastrup、Tommy N. Johansen
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01666
日期:2016.1.14
A series of racemic aryl-substituted phenylalanines was synthesized and evaluated in vitro at recombinant rat GluA1-3, at GluK1-3, and at native AMPA receptors. The individual enantiomers of two target compounds, (RS)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dichloro-5-(5-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)phenyl)propanoic acid 37 and (RS)-2-amino-3-(3'-hydroxybiphenyl-3-yl)propanoic acid 38, were characterized. (S)-37 and (R)-38 were identified as the only biologically active isomers, both being antagonists at GluA2 receptors with K-b of 1.80 and 3.90 mu M, respectively. To address this difference in enantiopharmacology, not previously seen for amino acid-based AMPA receptor antagonists, X-ray crystal structures of both eutomers in complex with the GluA2 ligand binding domain were solved. The cocrystal structures of (S)-37 and (R)-38 showed similar interactions of the amino acid parts but unexpected and different orientations and interactions of the biaromatic parts of the ligands inside the binding site, with (R)-38 having a binding mode not previously identified for amino acid-based antagonists.