Biological Monitoring of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (I): Preparation of Antibodies and Development of an Immunoassay Using Theoretical Models
摘要:
Antibodies against 2,4,5-trichlorophenol have been prepared after theoretical and molecular modeling chemical studies of three potential immunizing haptens with the aim to find out the one mimicking best the target analyte. Competitive direct and indirect ELISAs have been developed after screening a battery of haptenized enzyme tracers and coating antigens, respectively. The relation between the degree of heterology of the competitor and the resulting immunoassay detectability has been investigated according to the electronic similarities of the competitor haptens with the target analyte taking in consideration their pK(a) values. These studies have been performed using theoretical and molecular modeling tools to find out their electronic distribution at their minimum energetic levels. The results suggest that the competitors should have a high homology to produced assays with good detectability values. On the other hand detectability improves when lowering the hapten density of the competitors. An indirect competitive ELISA has been finally selected for further investigation. The immunoassay has an IC50 value of 0.6 mug L-1 and a limit of detection of 0.084 mug L-1. The selectivity of the assay is high in relation to other chlorophenols frequently present in real samples. In contrast, the brominated analogues may also be recognized with this assay.
Granular controlled release agrochemical compositions and process for the preparation thereof
申请人:Everris International B.V.
公开号:EP2545775A2
公开(公告)日:2013-01-16
A granular agrochemical composition is disclosed including a granular core material having a water soluble portion with a first coating layer applied on the surface of the core material and a second coating layer applied on the surface of the first coating layer. The first coating layer includes a wax composition having a biologically active ingredient incorporated therein and the second coating layer includes a polymeric composition.; The granular agrochemical composition exhibits a controlled rate of release of the biologically active ingredient therefrom over a period greater than about 30 days from the date of initial exposure of the granular composition to moisture whereby essentially all of the biologically active ingredient incorporated in the wax material of the first coating layer is released from the granular composition before the water soluble portion of the granular core material is released from the granular composition.
GRANULAR CONTROLLED RELEASE AGROCHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF
申请人:Everris International B.V.
公开号:EP1928231B1
公开(公告)日:2014-03-12
Granular Controlled Release Agrochemical Compositions and Process for the Preparation Thereof
申请人:van BOXTEL-VERHOEVEN Lonneke Jacoba
公开号:US20110111956A1
公开(公告)日:2011-05-12
A granular agrochemical composition is disclosed including a granular core material having a water soluble portion with a first coating layer applied on the surface of the core material and a second coating layer applied on the surface of the first coating layer. The first coating layer includes a wax composition having a biologically active ingredient incorporated therein and the second coating layer includes a polymeric composition. The granular agrochemical composition exhibits a controlled rate of release of the biologically active ingredient therefrom over a period greater than about
30
days from the date of initial exposure of the granular composition to moisture whereby essentially all of the biologically active ingredient incorporated in the wax material of the first coating layer is released from the granular composition before the water soluble portion of the granular core material is released from the granular composition.