2-hydroxy-3-(3,6,9,12-tetraoxatridecyloxy)benzonitrile | 1360431-26-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯酚醚
• 英文名称: 2-hydroxy-3-(3,6,9,12-tetraoxatridecyloxy)benzonitrile
• CAS: 1360431-26-0
• 化学式: C₁₆H₂₃NO₆
• 分子量: 325.362
• InChiKey: UGHNBUWBLJSSDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.34
• 重原子数：
  23.0
• 可旋转键数：
  13.0
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.56
• 拓扑面积：
  90.17
• 氢给体数：
  1.0
• 氢受体数：
  7.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-hydroxy-3-(3,6,9,12-tetraoxatridecyloxy)benzonitrile 、 2-甲基-D-半胱氨酸盐酸盐 在 碳酸氢钠 作用下， 以 甲醇 为溶剂， 以85%的产率得到(S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,6,9,12-tetraoxatridecyloxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Desferrithiocin analogue iron chelators: iron clearing efficiency, tissue distribution, and renal toxicity

  摘要：

  The current solution to iron-mediated damage in transfusional iron overload disorders is decorporation of excess unmanaged metal, chelation therapy. The clinical development of the tridentate chelator deferitrin (1, Table 1) was halted due to nephrotoxicity. It was then shown by replacing the 4'-(HO) of 1 with a 3,6,9-trioxadecyloxy group, the nephrotoxicity could be ameliorated. Further structure-activity relationship studies have established that the length and the position of the polyether backbone controlled: (1) the ligand's iron clearing efficiency (ICE), (2) chelator tissue distribution, (3) biliary ferrokinetics, and (4) tissue iron reduction. The current investigation compares the ICE and tissue distribution of a series of (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-4-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 3-5) and the (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 8-10). The three most effective polyether analogues, in terms of performance ratio (PR), defined as mean ICEprimate/ICErodent, are 3 (PR 1.1), 8, (PR 1.5), and 9, now in human trials, (PR 2.2). At the onset of the clinical trial on 9, no data were available for ligand 3 or 8. This is unfortunate, as 3 has many advantages over 9, e.g., the ICE of 3 in rats is 2.5-fold greater than that of 9 and analogue 3 achieves very high levels in the liver, pancreas, and heart, the organs most affected by iron overload. Finally, the impact of 3 on the urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), an early diagnostic biomarker for monitoring acute kidney toxicity, has been carried out in rats; no evidence of nephrotoxicity was found. Overall, the results suggest that 3 would be a far superior clinical candidate to 9.

  DOI：

  10.1007/s10534-010-9389-y
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,3-二羟基苯甲腈 、 2,5,8,11-四氧杂十三烷-13-基4-甲基苯磺酸酯 在 sodium hydride 作用下， 以 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 25.0h， 以70%的产率得到2-hydroxy-3-(3,6,9,12-tetraoxatridecyloxy)benzonitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Desferrithiocin analogue iron chelators: iron clearing efficiency, tissue distribution, and renal toxicity

  摘要：

  The current solution to iron-mediated damage in transfusional iron overload disorders is decorporation of excess unmanaged metal, chelation therapy. The clinical development of the tridentate chelator deferitrin (1, Table 1) was halted due to nephrotoxicity. It was then shown by replacing the 4'-(HO) of 1 with a 3,6,9-trioxadecyloxy group, the nephrotoxicity could be ameliorated. Further structure-activity relationship studies have established that the length and the position of the polyether backbone controlled: (1) the ligand's iron clearing efficiency (ICE), (2) chelator tissue distribution, (3) biliary ferrokinetics, and (4) tissue iron reduction. The current investigation compares the ICE and tissue distribution of a series of (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-4-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 3-5) and the (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 8-10). The three most effective polyether analogues, in terms of performance ratio (PR), defined as mean ICEprimate/ICErodent, are 3 (PR 1.1), 8, (PR 1.5), and 9, now in human trials, (PR 2.2). At the onset of the clinical trial on 9, no data were available for ligand 3 or 8. This is unfortunate, as 3 has many advantages over 9, e.g., the ICE of 3 in rats is 2.5-fold greater than that of 9 and analogue 3 achieves very high levels in the liver, pancreas, and heart, the organs most affected by iron overload. Finally, the impact of 3 on the urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), an early diagnostic biomarker for monitoring acute kidney toxicity, has been carried out in rats; no evidence of nephrotoxicity was found. Overall, the results suggest that 3 would be a far superior clinical candidate to 9.

  DOI：

  10.1007/s10534-010-9389-y