An Assessment of the Mechanistic Differences Between Two Integrin α4β1Inhibitors, the Monoclonal Antibody TA-2 and the Small Molecule BIO5192, in Rat Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
摘要:
整合素α4β1通过调节淋巴细胞向炎症组织的迁移,在炎症过程中发挥着重要作用。在这里,我们评估了两种α4β1抑制剂的生化、药理和药效学特性,以及它们在多发性硬化症模型--实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)中的疗效、抗大鼠 α4 单克隆抗体 TA-2 和小分子抑制剂 BIO5192 [2( S )-{[1-(3,5- 二氯苯磺酰基)-吡咯烷-2( S )- 甲酰基]-氨基}-4-[4-甲基-2( S )-(甲基-{2-[4-(3-邻甲苯基脲基)-苯基]-乙酰基}-氨基)-戊酰氨基]-丁酸]。TA-2 已在大鼠体内进行了广泛研究,为评估功能提供了基准。BIO5192 是一种高选择性、强效(K D <10 pM)的 α4β1 抑制剂。两种抑制剂的给药方案均已确定,可在研究期间提供充分的受体占用。两种抑制剂都能诱导白细胞增多,这种效应被用作活性的药效学标志,而且在EAE模型中都有疗效。用TA-2治疗会导致细胞表面的α4整合素表达减少,这是α4整合素/TA-2复合物内化的结果。相比之下,BIO5192 对细胞表面的 α4β1 没有调节作用。我们对 BIO5192 的研究结果表明,α4β7 在该模型中不起作用,阻断α4β1/配体之间的相互作用而不进行下调足以对大鼠 EAE 产生疗效。BIO5192 具有高度选择性,能与四种受试物种中四种的 α4β1 高度亲和地结合。这些研究表明,BIO5192 是一种新型、强效、选择性的 α4β1 整合素抑制剂,它将成为评估 α4β1 生物学特性的重要试剂,并可能为治疗人类炎症性疾病提供一种新疗法。
An Assessment of the Mechanistic Differences Between Two Integrin α4β1Inhibitors, the Monoclonal Antibody TA-2 and the Small Molecule BIO5192, in Rat Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
摘要:
整合素α4β1通过调节淋巴细胞向炎症组织的迁移,在炎症过程中发挥着重要作用。在这里,我们评估了两种α4β1抑制剂的生化、药理和药效学特性,以及它们在多发性硬化症模型--实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)中的疗效、抗大鼠 α4 单克隆抗体 TA-2 和小分子抑制剂 BIO5192 [2( S )-{[1-(3,5- 二氯苯磺酰基)-吡咯烷-2( S )- 甲酰基]-氨基}-4-[4-甲基-2( S )-(甲基-{2-[4-(3-邻甲苯基脲基)-苯基]-乙酰基}-氨基)-戊酰氨基]-丁酸]。TA-2 已在大鼠体内进行了广泛研究,为评估功能提供了基准。BIO5192 是一种高选择性、强效(K D <10 pM)的 α4β1 抑制剂。两种抑制剂的给药方案均已确定,可在研究期间提供充分的受体占用。两种抑制剂都能诱导白细胞增多,这种效应被用作活性的药效学标志,而且在EAE模型中都有疗效。用TA-2治疗会导致细胞表面的α4整合素表达减少,这是α4整合素/TA-2复合物内化的结果。相比之下,BIO5192 对细胞表面的 α4β1 没有调节作用。我们对 BIO5192 的研究结果表明,α4β7 在该模型中不起作用,阻断α4β1/配体之间的相互作用而不进行下调足以对大鼠 EAE 产生疗效。BIO5192 具有高度选择性,能与四种受试物种中四种的 α4β1 高度亲和地结合。这些研究表明,BIO5192 是一种新型、强效、选择性的 α4β1 整合素抑制剂,它将成为评估 α4β1 生物学特性的重要试剂,并可能为治疗人类炎症性疾病提供一种新疗法。
Sulfonamide Synthesis through Electrochemical Oxidative Coupling of Amines and Thiols
作者:Gabriele Laudadio、Efstathios Barmpoutsis、Christiane Schotten、Lisa Struik、Sebastian Govaerts、Duncan L. Browne、Timothy Noël
DOI:10.1021/jacs.9b02266
日期:2019.4.10
continuous development of novel and efficient synthetic methods to access these functional groups. Herein, we report an environmentally benign electrochemical method which enables the oxidative coupling between thiols and amines, two readily available and inexpensive commodity chemicals. The transformation is completely driven by electricity, does not require any sacrificial reagent or additional catalysts
The invention relates to a compound of formula (I)
wherein A, R
1
-R
6
are as defined in the description and in the claims. The compound of formula (I) can be used as a medicament.
Cell adhesion inhibitors can interact with VLA-4 molecules and inhibits VLA-4 dependent cell adhesion. An inhibitor including a polyethylene glycol moiety can have advantageous pharmaceutical properties.
A cell adhesion inhibitor of the general formula: R?3-L-L'-R1¿ is disclosed. An inhibitor of the present invention interacts with VLA-4 molecules and inhibits VLA-4 dependent cell adhesion. Also disclosed are methods for preparing and using such a cell adhesion inhibitor, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the same.
The identification, optimization, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of small-molecule CCR4 antagonists is described. An initial screening hit with micromolar potency was identified that was optimized to sub-micromolar binding potency by enantiomer resolution, halogenation of the naphthalene ring, and extension of the alkyl chain linker between the central piperidine ring and the terminal aryl group. An antagonist was identified that showed good cross-reactivity against the mouse receptor and inhibited CCR4-based cell recruitment in dose-dependent fashion. Published by Elsevier Ltd.