We report here the structure–property correlations of a series of anthracene/pyrene derivatives grafted on a rigid, planar, and well conjugated endo-cyclic alkenyl lactone (thienodipyrandione) that exhibited aggregation induced emission. Unlike typical vinylene based solid-state fluorescence materials, rigid thienodipyrandione moieties can bestow a higher order of conformational twist as well as enhanced intermolecular interactions by C–H⋯O interactions due to the presence of a carbonyl group that leads to enhanced thermal stability. Compounds TDAn and TDAnPh exhibit distinct piezofluorochromic properties in which emission colors can be switched by grinding and heating. Based on a variety of spectroscopic techniques including XRD, DSC, and NMR, the observed piezochromic emission is attributed to the result of phase transition from structural crystalline (order) to amorphous (disorder) state or vice versa. Most uniquely, one of the anthracene derivatives, TDAn, displayed specific acido-fluorochromism whereas the other congener, TDAnPh, did not, even though they are structurally very similar. Crystal structure analysis revealed that a combination of various secondary interactions such as C–H⋯O, π–π and C–H⋯π interactions all play key roles in the supramolecular assemblies to display such distinctive features. The current study has disclosed a class of new stimuli-responsive materials with great potential in applications for micro-environmental sensing, optical switching and recording.
我们在此报告了一系列接枝于刚性、平面和共轭内环烯丙基内酯(
噻吩二
吡喃二酮)的
蒽/
芘衍
生物的结构-性能相关性,这些衍
生物表现出聚集诱导发射。与典型的
乙烯基固态荧光材料不同,刚性
噻吩二
吡喃二酮分子可以产生更高阶的构象扭转,而且由于羰基的存在,C-H⋯O 相互作用增强了分子间的相互作用,从而提高了热稳定性。T
DAn 和 T
DAnPh 化合物具有独特的压
氟变色特性,其发射颜色可通过研磨和加热进行切换。根据 XRD、
DSC 和 NMR 等多种光谱技术,观察到的压电变色发射可归因于从结构结晶(有序)态到无定形(无序)态或反之亦然的相变结果。最独特的是,其中一种
蒽衍
生物 T
DAn 显示出特定的酸性
氟致变色,而另一种同系物 T
DAnPh 则没有,尽管它们在结构上非常相似。晶体结构分析表明,C-H⋯O、π-π 和 C-H⋯π 等各种次生相互作用在超分子组装过程中都发挥了关键作用,从而显示出如此独特的特征。目前的研究揭示了一类新型刺激响应材料,它们在微环境传感、光学开关和记录方面具有巨大的应用潜力。