Glycolamide Esters as Biolabile Prodrugs of Carboxylic Acid Agents: Synthesis, Stability, Bioconversion, and Physicochemical Properties
作者:Niels Mørk Nielsenw、Hans Bundgaard
DOI:10.1002/jps.2600770402
日期:1988.4
be a useful biolabile prodrug type for several carboxylic acid agents. The esters combine a high susceptibility to undergo enzymatic hydrolysis in plasma with a high stability in aqueous solution. Furthermore, as demonstrated with the benzoic acid model esters, it is feasible to obtain ester derivatives with almost any desired water solubility or lipophilicity with retainment of marked lability to enzymatic
发现各种取代的2-羟基乙酰胺(苯甲酰胺)的苯甲酸酯在人血浆溶液中极快地水解,对于某些N,N-二取代的乙酰胺酯,在50%的血浆溶液中水解的半衰期少于5 s。迅速的水解速度可以很大程度上归因于血浆中存在的胆碱酯酶(也称为伪胆碱酯酶)。通过对各种取代的乙醇酰胺酯和与结构相关的酯的研究,发现快速水解所需的最突出的结构要求是乙醇酰胺酯结构与酰胺氮原子上两个取代基的结合。提出了这类酯与胆碱酯酶的良好底物苯甲酰胆碱的结构相似性。N的酯 N-二取代的乙醇酰胺被认为是对几种羧酸试剂有用的生物不稳定的前药类型。这些酯结合了高敏感性在血浆中进行酶水解,在水溶液中具有高稳定性。此外,如用苯甲酸模型酯所证明的,获得具有几乎任何所需的水溶性或亲脂性并保留对酶水解的显着不稳定性的酯衍生物是可行的。