The substituent parameters for the series of mono-, di- and trisubstituted Me groups, CH2X, CHX2, and CX3 where X is F, Cl, Br, OMe, SCF3 and CN, have been determined from F19 NMR measurements on the corresponding meta- and para-fluorotoluenes. An additive linear effect of substitution is found only for the cyano substituent. A saturation effect noted for the groups where X is F, Cl, Br and SCF3 (particularly
benzene derivative with CsSO4F has been modulated by substituents on the benzene ring. α-Hydroxyalkylbenzenes, with a deactivated ring, were oxidized to phenones, while fluorodealkylation was achieved in high yield when electron-donating groups were present in a para position. Electron-withdrawing substituents favoured chain fluorofunctionalization in alkylbenzenes, while ring fluorination was found
by the anodic one-electron transfer reactions of 2a, 3a and 4a. A cyclic voltammogram of 4a showed three anodic current peaks which correspond to the oxidation of 4a, 1-fluoromethyl-4-fiuorobenzene (4b) and 1-difluoromethyl-4-fluorolbenzene (4c). On the other hand, voltammograms of 2a and 3a showed two anodic current peaks and no difluoromethylfluorobenzenes was obtained during the fluorination of 2a
在纯净Et 4 NF· m HF(Et = C 2 H 5,m = 3.5或4.0)中进行2-氟甲苯(2a),3-氟甲苯(3a)和4-氟甲苯(4a)的电化学氟化。铂阳极。2a,3a和4a的氟化在侧链(单氟甲基氟代苯的形成)和苯环(甲基三氟-1,4-环己二烯的形成)上都竞争性地发生。这些结果可以通过质子阿米替林从自由基阳离子的甲基中得到解释,自由基是通过2a,3a和4a的阳极单电子转移反应形成的。4a的循环伏安图显示三个阳极电流峰,分别对应于4a,1-氟甲基-4-氟苯(4b)和1-二氟甲基-4-氟苯(4c)的氧化。另一方面,2a和3a的伏安图在2a和3a的氟化过程中表现出两个阳极电流峰,没有得到二氟甲基氟苯。
Negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery and material compostion for fabrication the same
申请人:Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.
公开号:EP1928047A1
公开(公告)日:2008-06-04
The present invention relates to negative electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries, rechargeable lithium batteries including the same, and a negative active material composition for fabrication of the negative electrode. According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery. The inventive negative electrode has a current collector and a negative active material layer on the current collector, which comprises a negative active material and a polyimide binder. The negative active material layer further comprises at least one flexible polymer.
A swelling tape for filling a gap and a method of filling a gap are provided. The swelling tape can be applied within the gap having a fluid to realize a 3D shape thereby filling the gap, and be used to fix a subject forming the gap as necessary.