Abstract An efficient method was developed for the conjugate addition of water to various α,β-unsaturatedketones by using bismuth(III) chloride as a catalyst. The reactions proceeded smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount of BiCl3 (20 mol%) in aqueous media to furnish a variety of synthetically useful β-hydroxyl ketones in moderate to good yields. Apart from water molecule, various alcohols
The Aldol Reaction under High-Intensity Ultrasound: A Novel Approach to an Old Reaction
作者:Giancarlo Cravotto、Alberto Demetri、Gian Mario Nano、Giovanni Palmisano、Andrea Penoni、Silvia Tagliapietra
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.200300369
日期:2003.11
We have employed high-intensityultrasound (HIU) to reinvestigate the aldolreaction (AR) in water. A number of aldols that under usual conditions would undergo elimination were isolated in acceptable to good yields. Within 15−30 min, acetophenone reacted with non-enolizable aldehydes to afford the aldol exclusively, while under conventional conditions (stirring or heating under reflux) the same compounds