One of the hydroxyl groups in glycosides was regio- and stereo-selectively converted to an amino group as follows. A glycoside was regioselectively converted to an oxo-glycoside by bis-tributyltin oxide-bromine oxidation. Oximation of this and reduction of the resulting oxime in a stereoselective manner gave an amino-glycoside in a satisfactory yield.By application of this method, 4-amino-4-deoxy-D-galactose, 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose, 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-allose, 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-glucose, 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-ribose, 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-xylose, and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-mannose were synthesized in satisfactory yields from D-xylose or D-glucose as their α- or β-methyl glycosides. The method also provided a practical synthetic route to nojirimycin (5-amino-5-deoxy-D-glucose), a glucosidase-inhibitory antibiotic, from D-glucose.
苷中的一个羟基可通过以下方法进行区域和立体选择性地转化为
氨基。通过双
三丁基氧化锡-
溴氧化作用,苷可以选择性地转化为
氧化苷。以立体选择性的方式将其
氧化并还原生成的
肟,即可得到产率令人满意的
氨基糖苷。应用这种方法,以
D-木糖或
D-葡萄糖为α-或β-
甲基糖苷,合成了 4-
氨基-4-
脱氧-
D-半乳糖、4-
氨基-4-
脱氧-
L-阿拉伯糖、3-
氨基-3-
脱氧-
D-阿洛糖、
3-氨基-3-脱氧-D-葡萄糖、3-
氨基-3-
脱氧-
D-核糖、3-
氨基-3-
脱氧-
D-木糖和 2-
氨基-2-
脱氧-
D-甘露糖,产率令人满意。该方法还提供了一条从
D-葡萄糖中合成诺吉霉素(5-
氨基-5-
脱氧-
D-葡萄糖)的实用途径,诺吉霉素是一种
葡萄糖苷酶抑制
抗生素。