国内生产的生物燃料将来可能有助于减少对进口石油的依赖,从而为运输和基础设施提供动力。在本报告中,我们通过珀金缩合反应使中链和长链脂肪酸酐(癸酸,辛酸,月桂酸和棕榈酸)与糠醛反应生成2- n-烯基呋喃。在第二步中,将2- n-烯基呋喃氢化形成2- n-烷基四氢呋喃。基本燃料特性测试(熔点,密度,运动粘度,衍生十六烷值,和热值)的2- Ñ烷基四氢呋喃表明它们潜在地可用作柴油发动机的燃料。由2-辛基和2-癸基四氢呋喃组成的混合物具有最佳的燃料特性组合,包括低熔点(-39°C),十六烷值高(63.1),闪点高(98.2°C)和低粘度(2.26 mm 2 s -1,40 °C),与2号柴油和生物柴油的规格相比具有优势。
Avocadofurans and Their Tetrahydrofuran Analogues: Comparison of Growth Inhibitory and Insecticidal Activity
作者:Cesar Rodriguez-Saona、David F. Maynard、Scott Phillips、John T. Trumble
DOI:10.1021/jf9910638
日期:2000.8.1
The importance of the double bonds in the furan ring of avocadofurans with relation to their insecticidal activity was examined. The insecticidal activity of two naturally occurring avocadofurans, 2-(pentadecyl)furan and 2-(heptadecyl)furan, was compared to the toxicity of five tetrahydrofurans with alkyl chains at position 2 and varying side chains from 14 to 18 carbons. We found that eliminating the sites of unsaturation in the furan ring of avocadofurans significantly reduced the detrimental effects on the mortality and growth of the generalist insect herbivore Spodoptera! exigua. In 7-day bioassays, S. exigua larvae were significantly more affected when fed a diet containing avocadofurans as compared to a larvae fed diet treated with the analogous tetrahydrofurans. Although larvae fed with the tetrahydrofurans showed reduced growth as compared to controls, larval mortality was not significantly increased. We conclude that the double bonds in the furan ring of avocadofurans play an important role in their insecticidal effects.