Asymmetric syntheses of (+)-negamycin, (+)-3-epi-negamycin and sperabillin C via lithium amide conjugate addition
作者:Stephen G. Davies、Osamu Ichihara、Paul M. Roberts、James E. Thomson
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.067
日期:2011.1
and enantioselective reduction of ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate and the diastereoselective conjugateaddition of enantiopure lithium N-benzyl-N-(α-methylbenzyl)amide to an α,β-unsaturatedester have been used as the key steps in the total asymmetric syntheses of (+)-negamycin (in 13 steps and 24% overall yield), (+)-3-epi-negamycin (in 13 steps and 10% overall yield) and sperabillin C (in 17 steps and 13%
Provided herein, inter alia, are compositions and methods for generating a immune response in an individual and/or inducing the expression of neoantigens on the surface of abnormal (such as proliferative) cells via promotion of premature termination codon (PTC) read-through and inhibition of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) bearing PTCs.
A series of (+)-negamycin 1 analogues were synthesized, and their readthrough-promoting activity was evaluated for nonsense mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy 3 (DMD). A structure activity relationship study indicated that 11b was the most potent drug 0 candidate. Immunohistochemical analyses suggested that treatment with 11b restored dystrophin expression in mdx mice, a DMD mouse model. Furthermore, lib decreased serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, an indicator of muscle fiber destruction. Most importantly, 11b demonstrated lower toxicity than 1, and thus, it could be a useful candidate for long-term treatment of DMD.
KASAHARA, KATSURA;IIDA, HIDEO;KIBAYASHI, CHIHIRO, J. ORG. CHEM., 54,(1989) N, C. 2225-2233