1-O-Alkyl (di)glycerol ethers synthesis from methyl esters and triglycerides by two pathways: catalytic reductive alkylation and transesterification/reduction
esters, monoglycerides or oleic sunflower refined oil, the corresponding 1-O-alkyl (di)glycerolethers were obtained in both high yields and selectivity by two different pathways. With methyl esters, a reductivealkylation with (di)glycerol was realized under 50 bar hydrogen pressure in the presence of 1 mol% of Pd/C and an acid co-catalyst. A second two step procedure was evaluated from methyl esters
从可用的和生物来源的甲酯中, 甘油单酸酯或油酸向日葵精制油,通过两种不同途径以高收率和选择性获得了相应的1- O-烷基(二)甘油醚。对于甲酯,在1mol%的Pd / C和酸助催化剂的存在下,在50巴的氢气压力下,实现了与(二)甘油的还原性烷基化。从甲酯或三油精 包括第一次酯交换反应成相应的 甘油单酸酯与BaO / Al 2 O 3 催化剂,然后 减少在H 2压力下,用可循环利用的非均相催化体系Pd / C和Amberlyst 35合成所需的甘油单醚。另外,还提出了反应机理。
Unique spirocyclopiperazinium salt. Part 2: synthesis and structure–activity relationship of dispirocyclopiperazinium salts as analgesics
作者:Xin Wang、Feng-Li Gao、Hong-Bin Piao、Tie-Ming Cheng、Run-Tao Li
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00213-0
日期:2003.5
Three series of spirocyclopiperazinium derivatives 5a-d, 6a-f and 17a-d were synthesized and evaluated for their in vivo analgesic activities. Compounds 5a, 17a and 17b exhibited excellent analgesic activity. Two important structure-activity relationships were observed from this study: (1) the quaternary ammonium functionality is a critical pharmacophore for analgesic activity; (2) it is important
Rubbing the right way: The directetherification of glycerol with long‐chain alcohols typically suffers from poor contact between the reaction phases. A dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid catalyst enables a better contact between the glycerol and alcohol phases, enhancing the yield of monoalkyl glyceryl ethers and offering a direct route for the synthesis of these surfactants.
Guanidinium-Rich, Glycerol-Derived Oligocarbonates: A New Class of Cell-Penetrating Molecular Transporters That Complex, Deliver, and Release siRNA
作者:Paul A. Wender、Melanie A. Huttner、Daryl Staveness、Jessica R. Vargas、Adele F. Xu
DOI:10.1021/mp500581r
日期:2015.3.2
providing an excellent level of target protein suppression (>85%). These new oligocarbonates are nontoxic at levels required for cell penetration and can be tuned for particle size. Relative to the previously reported methyl(trimethylene)carbonate (MTC) scaffold, the ether linkage at C2 in the new transporters markedly enhances the stability of the siRNA/co-oligomer complexes. Both hybrid co-oligomers
Studies of the mesomorphic behavior of bivalent carbohydrate amphiphiles
作者:Narayanaswamy Jayaraman、Madan Kumar Singh、D. S. Shankar Rao、S. K. Prasad
DOI:10.1039/b618753f
日期:——
A homologous series of bivalent glycolipids constituted of 1,3-bis-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-O-alkyl glycerol, bearing two sugar head groups and one alkyl chain on a glycerol backbone, was synthesized. The mesomorphic behaviour was investigated with the aid of polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction methods. The homologous members exhibit a smectic A phase, consistently with a partial bilayer structure. From experimental d-spacing and computationally derived length of the molecules, it is suggested that a partial interdigitation of the molecules is present in the bilayer structure.
合成了一系列由1,3-双-O-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-2-O-烷基甘油组成的同源二价糖脂,在甘油主链上带有两个糖头基团和一个烷基链。借助于偏光光学显微镜、差示扫描量热法和X射线衍射方法研究了介晶行为。同源成员表现出近晶A相,与部分双层结构一致。根据实验的 d 间距和计算得出的分子长度,表明双层结构中存在分子的部分叉指。