Compositional Persistence in a Multicyclic Network of Synthetic Replicators
摘要:
The emergence of collections of simple chemical entities that create self-sustaining reaction networks, embedding replication and catalysis, is cited as a potential mechanism for the appearance on the early Earth of systems that satisfy minimal definitions of life. In this work, a functional reaction network that creates and maintains a set of privileged replicator structures through auto- and cross-catalyzed reaction cycles is created from the pairwise combinations of four reagents. We show that the addition of individual preformed templates to this network, representing instructions to synthesize a specific replicator, induces changes in the output composition of the system that represent a network-level response. Further, we establish through sets of serial transfer experiments that the catalytic connections that exist between the four replicators in this network and the system-level behavior thereby encoded impose limits on the compositional variability that can be induced by repeated exposure to instructional inputs, in the form of preformed templates, to the system. The origin of this persistence is traced through kinetic simulations to the properties and inter-relationships between the critical ternary complexes formed by the auto- and cross-catalytic templates. These results demonstrate that in an environment where there is no continuous selection pressure the network connectivity, described by the catalytic relationships and system-level interactions between the replicators, is persistent, thereby limiting the ability of this network to adapt and evolve.
<i>N</i>-bromosuccinimide reactions of some heterocycles in the presence or absence of water: An overview of ring versus side chain bromination for the synthesis of important brominated heterocyclic synthons
Reactions of various heterocycles 1–6 with N-bromosuccinimide in the presence or absence of water have been studied for side chain versus ring bromination to afford some new and important heterocyclic synthons. Interestingly, the N-bromosuccinimide reaction in the presence of perchloric acid, a new condition, affords exclusively the new dibromo aminopicoline 1f, which is not obtained by other presently
Molecular recognition: Connection and disconnection of hydrogen bonds, a case study with dimeric and highly associated monocarboxylic acids with simple receptors
The new receptor (5) having mixed diamide moieties is a simple synthetic model which binds carboxylic acids by three point hydrogen bonds involving pyridine nitrogen, pyridine amide as well as the flexible aliphatic amide moieties. This is in contrast to the receptor (6) which makes only two point hydrogen bonds. Binding studies of the simple pyridine amide (3) making two hydrogen bonds with a number
Molecular recognition: Chain length selectivity studies of dicarboxylic acids by the cavity of a new Troger's base receptor
作者:Shyamaprosad Goswami、Kumaresh Ghosh
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(97)00914-3
日期:1997.6
A new dicarboxylic acid receptor 1 having two pyridinc amide motifs built on a Troger'sbase spacer has been designed and synthesised. The binding studies are performed with a series of dicarboxylic acids and the cavity of receptor 1 was found to be selective for suberic acid.
selectivity studies of dicarboxylicacids within the cavities of new fluorescent Troger's base molecular frameworks (1-3) have been carried out with a critical examination of their role of rigidity as well as flexibility in selective binding in comparison to receptor 5. The chiral resolution of the racemic Troger's base receptors (1 and 2) by chiral recognition with (+)- camphoric acid using hydrogen-bonding
Manipulating Replication Processes within a Dynamic Covalent Framework
作者:Vicente del Amo、Alexandra M. Z. Slawin、Douglas Philp
DOI:10.1021/ol8018665
日期:2008.10.16
reaction of an amine bearing an amidopyridine recognition site and an aldehyde bearing a carboxylic acid recognition site affords an imine that is capable of directing its own formation through a dynamiccovalent replication cycle. Additionally, the amine, formed by reduction of the replicating imine, is a more efficient catalyst for the formation of the replicating imine than the imine is a catalyst for