AbstractInhibiting α‐glucosidase is a reliable method for reducing blood sugar levels in diabetic individuals. Several novel chromen‐linked hydrazine carbothioamide (3a–r) were designed and synthesized by condensation of chromone‐3‐carbaldehyde with a variety of substituted thiosemicarbazides. The structures of these new analogues were elucidated through various advanced spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI‐MS). The resulted compounds were screened for α‐glucosidase inhibitory potential and all the compounds (3a–r) exhibited potent inhibition of α‐glucosidase with IC50 values ranging 0.29–53.70 µM. Among them compounds 3c, 3f, 3h, and 3r displayed the highest α‐glucosidase inhibitor capability with IC50 values of 1.50, 1.28, 1.08, and 0.29 µM, respectively. Structure–activity relationship showed that different substituted groups are responsible for the variation in the α‐glucosidase inhibition. The kinetics studies of the most active inhibitor (3r) were performed, to investigate the mode of inhibition and dissociation constants (Ki), that indicated a competitive inhibitor with Ki value of 1.47 ± 0.31 µM. Furthermore, molecular docking studies was performed to reveal the possible interactions, such as H‐bonding, or π–π stacking, with the key residues of α‐glucosidase. Docking analysis revealed the importance of hydrazine carbothioamide moiety of compounds in the attachment of ligands with the crucial residues of α‐glucosidase. The estimated pharmacokinetic, physicochemical, and drug likeness properties of compounds 3a–r reflects that these molecules have acceptable range of these properties.
摘要抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶是降低糖尿病患者血糖水平的可靠方法。通过铬酮-3-甲醛与多种取代的硫代氨基甲酰肼的缩合,设计并合成了几种新型铬酮连肼硫代甲酰胺(3a-r)。通过各种先进的光谱技术(1H NMR、13C NMR 和 ESI-MS)阐明了这些新类似物的结构。对所得化合物进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制潜力筛选,所有化合物(3a-r)都显示出对α-葡萄糖苷酶的强效抑制作用,IC50 值范围为 0.29-53.70 µM。其中化合物 3c、3f、3h 和 3r 对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制能力最强,IC50 值分别为 1.50、1.28、1.08 和 0.29 µM。结构-活性关系表明,不同的取代基团是导致α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用变化的原因。对最有效的抑制剂(3r)进行了动力学研究,以探讨其抑制模式和解离常数(Ki),结果表明这是一种竞争性抑制剂,Ki 值为 1.47 ± 0.31 µM。此外,还进行了分子对接研究,以揭示与 α-葡萄糖苷酶关键残基之间可能存在的相互作用,如 H 键或 π-π 堆积。Docking 分析表明,在配体与 α-葡萄糖苷酶关键残基的连接过程中,化合物中的硫代肼酰胺分子非常重要。对化合物 3a-r 的药代动力学、理化和药物相似性的估计表明,这些分子具有可接受的这些特性。