This invention provides caspase inhibitors of formula I:
1
wherein Z is oxygen or sulfur; R
1
is hydrogen, —CHN
2
, R, CH
2
OR, CH
2
SR, or —CH
2
Y; Y is an electronegative leaving group; R
2
is CO
2
H, CH
2
CO
2
H, or esters, amides or isosteres thereof; R
3
is a group capable of fitting into the S2 subsite of a caspase enzyme; R
4
and R
5
are taken together with the intervening nitrogen to form heterocyclic ring and R is as described in the specification. The compounds are effective inhibitors of apoptosis and IL-1&bgr; secretion.
Activation of N,N-bis(alkoxycarbonyl) amino acids. Synthesis of N-alkoxycarbonyl amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides and N,N-dialkoxycarbonyl amino acid fluorides, and the behavior of these amino acid derivatives.
Series of Boc- and Cbz-NCAs (2), and of N,N-bis(alkoxycarbonyl) amino acid fluorides U2AAFs (3) have been prepared by activation of N,N-bis-Boc- and N-Cbz,N-Boc-α-amino acids (1) with the Vilsmeier reagent or cyanuric fluoride. The absence of epimerization of 2 and 3 during both their formation and their coupling under standard conditions of peptide synthesis had been demonstrated by optical purity
Compounds For The Treatment Of Neuromuscular Disorders
申请人:NMD Pharma ApS
公开号:US20190183833A1
公开(公告)日:2019-06-20
The present invention relates to compounds suitable for treating, ameliorating and/or preventing neuromuscular disorders, including the reversal of drug-induced neuromuscular blockade. The compounds as defined herein preferably inhibit the CIC-1 ion channel.
Compounds for the treatment of neuromuscular disorders
申请人:NMD PHARMA A/S
公开号:US11147788B2
公开(公告)日:2021-10-19
The present invention relates to compounds suitable for treating, ameliorating and/or preventing neuromuscular disorders, including the reversal of drug-induced neuromuscular blockade. The compounds as defined herein preferably inhibit the CIC-1 ion channel.
Kinetic resolution of sterically hindered racemic alpha-tert-alkyl-alpha-hydroxy esters is performed by enantiomer-selective carbamoylation with the t-Bu-Box-Cu(II) catalyst (Box = bis(oxazoline)). The reaction with 0.5 equiv of n-C3H7NCO is carried out with a substrate-to-catalyst molar ratio of 500-5000 at -20 to 25 degrees C. The high enantiomer-discrimination ability of the catalyst achieves an excellent stereoselectivity factor (s = k(fast)/k(slow)) of 261 in the best case. A catalytic cycle for this reaction is proposed.