Antifungal Pharmacodynamic Characteristics of Amphotericin B againstTrichosporon asahii, Using Time-Kill Methodology
摘要:
AbstractWe determined the MIC of amphotericin B against 45 Trichosporon asahii isolates from various clinical and environmental sources, and used in vitro time‐kill methods to characterize the relationship between amphotericin B concentrations and MIC for four representative T. asahii isolates. Amphotericin B had concentration‐dependent antifungal activity. MICs ranged from 0.5 to 16 μg/ml, and most T. asahii isolates (76%, 34/45) were inhibited at safely achievable amphotericin B serum concentrations (≤ 2 μg/ml). However, 40% (18/45) of isolates were not killed at these concentrations (MFCs from 1.0 to 32 μg/ml). At concentrations ≥ 2 × MIC, amphotericin B exhibited fungicidal activity (< 99.9% reduction in CFU) over a 12‐hr time‐period; the maximal effect was achieved at ≥ 4 × MIC. Susceptibility testing confirmed the resistance of T. asahii to amphotericin B, and in vitro pharmacodynamic results also suggest that amphotericin B is not suitable therapy for T. asahii infection.
Benign catalysis with iron: facile assembly of cyclobutanes and cyclohexenes <i>via</i> intermolecular radical cation cycloadditions
作者:Yushuang Yu、Yu Fu、Fangrui Zhong
DOI:10.1039/c8gc00299a
日期:——
We describe novel and facile iron-catalyzed crossed intermolecular radical cation cycloadditions of styrenes. This catalysis features high efficiency, atom economy, stereospecificity, scalability and very mild reaction conditions. Thus, these reactions represent a benign and sustainable strategy for the synthesis of valuable functionalized cyclobutanes and cyclohexenes.