From Sphingosine Kinase to Dihydroceramide Desaturase: A Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR) Study of the Enzyme Inhibitory and Anticancer Activity of 4-((4-(4-Chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)amino)phenol (SKI-II)
摘要:
The sphingosine kinase (SK) inhibitor, SKI-II, has been employed extensively in biological investigations of the role of SK1 and SK2 in disease and has demonstrated impressive anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. However, interpretations of results using this pharmacological agent are complicated by several factors: poor SK1/2 selectivity, additional activity as an inducer of SK1-degradation, and off-target effects, including its recently identified capacity to inhibit dihydroceramide desaturase-1 (Des1). In this study, we have delineated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for these different targets and correlated them to that required for anticancer activity and determined that Des1 inhibition is primarily responsible for the antiproliferative effects of SKI-II and its analogues. In the course of these efforts, a series of novel SK1, SK2, and Des1 inhibitors have been generated, including compounds with significantly greater anticancer activity.
Convenient preparation of unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles promoted by Dess–Martin reagent
摘要:
2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been conveniently prepared by oxidative cyclization of N-acyl-N'-aryliden-hydrazines promoted by all excess or Dess-Martin periodinane under Mild conditions (23 examples, up to 92% isolated yields). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Three series of substituted1,3,4-oxadiazoles were studied by (17)O NMR spectroscopy. Chemical shifts values were correlated with empirical Hammett parameters as well as calculated bond lengths and chemical shielding values.
The copper-mediated direct arylation of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles with aryl iodides proceeds efficiently in the presence of suitable ligands and bases. This method allows the installation of a variety of aryl moieties bearing a functional group such as ketone, ester, or nitrile so as to enable the facile construction of various functionalized oxadiazole and triazole core π systems.
In Situ Generated Cetyltrimethylammonium Bisulphate in Choline Chloride–Urea Deep Eutectic Solvent: A Novel Catalytic System for One Pot Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole
Cetyltrimethylammonium bisulphate ([CTA]HSO4) catalysed onepotsynthesis of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles from carboxylic acid and acid hydrazide in biodegradable deepeutecticsolvent is investigated. [CTA]HSO4 is generated in situ from cetyltrimethylammonium peroxodisulphate. Cyclization of diacylhydrazide using [CTA]HSO4 gives best alternative to traditional dehydration agents. Its remarkable
Iodine-catalysed oxidative cyclisation of acylhydrazones to 2,5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
作者:Ganesh Majji、Saroj Kumar Rout、Srimanta Guin、Anupal Gogoi、Bhisma K. Patel
DOI:10.1039/c3ra44897e
日期:——
An environmentally benign synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles has been developed starting from N-aroylhydrazones and N-acetylhydrazones at room or ambient temperature using a catalytic quantity of iodine in the presence of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide oxidant.
Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation Reaction to Access 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles using Chloroform as the Carbon Monoxide Source
作者:Zhengyi Li、Liang Wang
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201500778
日期:2015.11.16
A palladium-catalyzedaminocarbonylation reaction of aryl halides with chloroform and tetrazoles has been developed, where chloroform was employed as the carbon monoxide (CO) source in the presence of cesium hydroxide. The in situ generated N-acylated tetrazoles were unstable and easily decomposed to afford 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. A wide range of tetrazoles and aryl halides reacted smoothly