A method for the synthesis of cyclopropanes by regiospecific and regioselective magnesium carbenoid 1,3-CH insertion as the key reactions
作者:Hiroyuki Watanabe、Shingo Ogata、Tsuyoshi Satoh
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2010.05.061
日期:2010.7
i-PrMgCl resulted in the formation of magnesium carbenoid. Highly regiospecific 1,3-CH insertion reaction was found to take place from each magnesium carbenoid to afford cyclopropanes. On the other hand, when the unsymmetrical ketones bearing an oxygen- or a nitrogen-functional group on the α-carbon were used in this procedure, the regioselective 1,3-CH insertion reaction proceeded mainly. Stereochemistry
geometrical isomers of 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides, derived from unsymmetricalketones and chloromethyl p-tolyl sulfoxide, with lithium enolate of tert-butyl acetate gave single isomers of the adduct, respectively. Treatment of each diastereomer with i-PrMgCl resulted in the formation of magnesium carbenoids. Highly regiospecific 1,3-CH insertion reaction was found to take place from the magnesium
sulfoxides and allyl or vinyl sulfones. Allyl and vinyl sulfones served as α-sulfonylallyllithium sources were prepared from carbonyl compounds in three or four steps in good overall yields. The coupling reaction of α-sulfonylallyllithiums with magnesium alkylidene carbenoids, which were generated from 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides and isopropylmagnesium chloride, afforded multi-substituted vinylallenes
1- and 2-Naphthols were successfully alkenylated in a regioselective manner by treating the corresponding lithium 1- and 2-naphtholates with magnesium alkylidene carbenoids. The magnesium alkylidene carbenoids were generated in situ by a sulfoxide-magnesium exchange reaction of 1-chlorovinyl 4-tolyl sulfoxides with isopropylmagnesium chloride. The reaction of magnesium alkylidene carbenoids with lithium 2-naphtholates took place at the 1-position of the naphthyl ring to give 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-naphthols in respectable yields. The alkenylation of 1-naphthols proceeded at the 2-position of the naphthol ring to give 2-(alk-1-enyl)-1-naphthols in yields of 56-67%. In contrast to the reaction of lithium naphtholates with magnesium alkylidene carbenoids, the reaction of lithium phenolates gave low yields of the corresponding alk-1-enyl aryl ethers.
Direct N- and C-alkenylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with magnesium alkylidene carbenoids
作者:Jo Sakurada、Tsuyoshi Satoh
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2007.02.072
日期:2007.4
Treatment of magnesium alkylidene carbenoids, which were generated from 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides with isopropylmagnesium chloride at -78 degrees C in toluene, with N-lithio nitrogen-containing heterocycles gave N-alkenylated products in moderate to good yields. Also, the reaction of C-lithio indoles, which were generated from N-protected indoles, with magnesium alkylidene carbenoids gave C-2 or C-3 alkenylated products, corresponding to the protective group. The intermediate of these reactions were found to be the alkenyl anion, which could be trapped with electrophiles to give the heterocycles having fully substituted alkenes. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.