Pheromone study on acarid mites. Part IX. Syntheses of alarm pheromone analogues of the mold mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, and their biological activities.
作者:Yasumasa KUWAHARA、Lica SAKUMA
DOI:10.1271/bbb1961.46.1855
日期:——
Against the mold mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, 3, 7-dimethyl-(Z)-2-octenyl formate (II) is the most active compound as an alarm pheromone besides the natural pheromone, neryl formate (I), and this activity is equal to I (1-10ppm). In order to elucidate the structural requisites for inducing alarm pheromone activity, a total of 16 analogues of I were prepared by modifying the structure of II. For preparation of 3-methyl- and 3-ethyl-(Z)-2-alkenyl formates, the Wittig reaction of ethoxy- or methoxy-carbonylmethylene triphenyl phosphorane with 2-alkanone or 3-alkanone was used. The reaction with 2-alkanone gave a mixture of (Z)-2-alkenoate (ca. 40%) and (E)-2-alkenoate (ca. 60%) in an average 60% yield. The reaction with 3-alkanone gave a mixture of (Z)-2-alkenoate (56%) and (E)-2-alkenonate (44%). Alarm pheromone activities were demonstrated on 14 compounds of (Z)-2-alkenyl formates. The presence of the (Z)-allylic primary alcohol formate moiety in a molecule was clarified as the key to induce pheromone activity, and no necessity for an acyclic monoterpene carbon skeleton was demonstrated.
针对霉菌螨(Tyrophagus putrescentiae),3, 7-二甲基-(Z)-2-辛烯酸甲酯(II)是除了天然信息素(奈尔酸甲酯 I)外,作为警报信息素最活跃的化合物,其活性与 I 相当(1-10ppm)。为了阐明诱导警报信息素活性的结构要求,制备了16个 I 的类似物,通过改造 II 的结构。为制备3-甲基和3-乙基-(Z)-2-烯酸甲酯,采用了乙氧基或甲氧基碳酰基甲烯三苯基膦与2-烷酮或3-烷酮的威蒂格反应。与2-烷酮的反应产生了约40%的(Z)-2-烯酸酯和约60%的(E)-2-烯酸酯,平均产率为60%。与3-烷酮的反应则得到了56%的(Z)-2-烯酸酯和44%的(E)-2-烯酸酯。在14种(Z)-2-烯酸甲酯化合物中展示了警报信息素活性。研究表明,分子中存在(Z)-烯丙基初级醇酸甲酯基团是诱导信息素活性的关键,且不需要非环状单萜碳骨架。