ABSTRACTHow did the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differ from prior disasters and what implications did it have for disaster mental health services and service delivery? The federal disaster mental health approach in this country developed largely out of experiences with natural disasters. The 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differed in several important ways, including the large number of human casualties, higher rates of psychopathology, and an extended period of concern due to the criminal investigation and trials, which suggested the need to consider modifications in the program. Outreach was extensive, but psychiatric morbidity of direct victims was greater than that of victims of natural disasters, emphasizing the need for attention to the triage and referral process. Other concerns that warrant consideration include practices related to record keeping and program evaluation.
摘要1995 年俄克拉荷马城爆炸案与以往的灾难有何不同,它对灾难心理健康服务和服务提供有何影响?美国的联邦灾难心理健康方法主要是从自然灾害的经验中发展起来的。1995 年俄克拉荷马城爆炸案在几个重要方面有所不同,其中包括大量人员伤亡、较高的精神病理学发病率,以及由于刑事调查和审判而导致的较长关注期,这表明有必要考虑对该计划进行修改。外联活动范围很广,但直接受害者的精神病发病率高于自然灾害受害者,这强调了需要关注分流和转诊过程。其他值得考虑的问题包括与记录保存和项目评估相关的做法。