Substrate Controlled Divergence in Polyketide Synthase Catalysis
摘要:
Biochemical characterization of polyketide synthases (PKSs) has relied on synthetic substrates functionalized as electrophilic esters to acylate the enzyme and initiate the catalytic cycle. In these efforts, N-acetylcysteamine thioesters have typically been employed for in vitro studies of full PKS modules as well as excised domains. However, substrate engineering approaches to control the catalytic cycle of a full PKS module harboring multiple domains remain underexplored. This study examines a series of alternatively activated native hexaketide substrates on the catalytic outcome of PikAIV, the sixth and final module of the pikromycin (Pik) pathway. We demonstrate the ability to control product formation with greater than 10:1 selectivity for either full module catalysis, leading to a 14-membered macrolactone, or direct cyclization to a 12-membered ring. This outcome was achieved through modifying the type of hexaketide ester employed, demonstrating the utility of substrate engineering in PKS functional studies and biocatalysis.
Photochemistry of 2-Nitrobenzyl Enol Ethers: Oxidative CC Bond Scission
作者:Promise K. Yong、Anamitro Banerjee
DOI:10.1021/ol0508072
日期:2005.6.1
[reaction: see text] 2-Nitrobenzyl enolethers, when photolyzed in the presence of air, result in an oxidative C=C bond scission, forming a ketone as the major product (>60% yield). Enol release leads to the aldehyde as the minor product.
A Cytidine Phosphoramidite with Protected Nitroxide Spin Label: Synthesis of a Full-Length TAR RNA and Investigation by In-Line Probing and EPR Spectroscopy
作者:Timo Weinrich、Eva A. Jaumann、Ute Scheffer、Thomas F. Prisner、Michael W. Göbel
DOI:10.1002/chem.201800167
日期:2018.4.20
to the chemical nature of nitroxidespinlabels: Decomposition while oligonucleotides are chemically synthesized, further decay during enzymatic strand ligation, and undetected changes in conformational equilibria due to the steric demand of the label. Herein possible solutions for all three problems are presented: A 2‐nitrobenzyloxymethyl protective group for nitroxides that is stable under all conditions
对RNA的EPR研究由于与三氧化氮自旋标记的化学性质有关的三个主要障碍而变得复杂:寡核苷酸是化学合成的分解,在酶链连接过程中进一步降解,以及由于标记的空间需求而未检测到的构象平衡变化。本文提出了针对所有三个问题的可能解决方案:用于硝基氧的2-硝基苄氧基甲基保护基团,在化学RNA合成的所有条件下均稳定,并且可以光化学方式除去。通过仔细选择连接位点和夹板寡核苷酸,在装配有两个受保护的氮氧化物基团的全长HIV-1 TAR RNA的组装中实现了高产量。在不存在和存在精氨酸酰胺的情况下,对自旋标记的TAR的PELDOR测量表明,配体结合的螺旋间运动被阻止。最终,通过在线探测,即使是自旋标记的存在,即使构象上的微小变化都可以被高灵敏度地检测到。
DETEKTION VON WECHSELWIRKUNGEN AUF SONDEN-ARRAYS
申请人:Clondiag Chip Technologies GmbH
公开号:EP1425417B1
公开(公告)日:2007-10-31
Substrate Controlled Divergence in Polyketide Synthase Catalysis
作者:Douglas A. Hansen、Aaron A. Koch、David H. Sherman
DOI:10.1021/ja511743n
日期:2015.3.25
Biochemical characterization of polyketide synthases (PKSs) has relied on synthetic substrates functionalized as electrophilic esters to acylate the enzyme and initiate the catalytic cycle. In these efforts, N-acetylcysteamine thioesters have typically been employed for in vitro studies of full PKS modules as well as excised domains. However, substrate engineering approaches to control the catalytic cycle of a full PKS module harboring multiple domains remain underexplored. This study examines a series of alternatively activated native hexaketide substrates on the catalytic outcome of PikAIV, the sixth and final module of the pikromycin (Pik) pathway. We demonstrate the ability to control product formation with greater than 10:1 selectivity for either full module catalysis, leading to a 14-membered macrolactone, or direct cyclization to a 12-membered ring. This outcome was achieved through modifying the type of hexaketide ester employed, demonstrating the utility of substrate engineering in PKS functional studies and biocatalysis.
Spin‐Labeled Riboswitch Synthesized from a Protected TPA Phosphoramidite Building Block
作者:Frank Kaiser、Burkhard Endeward、Alberto Collauto、Ute Scheffer、Thomas F. Prisner、Michael W. Göbel
DOI:10.1002/chem.202201822
日期:2022.10.7
nitroxide TPA (2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolin-1-oxyl-3-acetylene) has been protected with a light sensitive 2-NBOM group and connected to a uridine phosphoramidite building block. Spin-labeled RNA can be obtained from this compound by standard protocols of oligonucleotidesynthesis and used for EPR studies after light-induced deprotection.