Oxyanion-Encapsulated Caged Supramolecular Frameworks of a Tris(urea) Receptor: Evidence of Hydroxide- and Fluoride-Ion-Induced Fixation of Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> as a Trapped CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2–</sup> Anion
作者:Sandeep Kumar Dey、Romen Chutia、Gopal Das
DOI:10.1021/ic2020379
日期:2012.2.6
A tris(2-aminoethyl)amine-based tris(urea) receptor, L, with electron-withdrawing m-nitrophenyl terminals has been established as a potential system that can efficiently capture and fix atmospheric CO2 as air-stable crystals of a CO32--encapsulated molecular capsule (complex 1), triggered by the presence of n-tetrabutylammonium hydroxide/fluoride in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of L. Additionally, L in the presence of excess HSO4- has been found to encapsulate a divalent sulfate anion (SO42-) within a dimeric capsular assembly of the receptor (complex 2) via hydrogen-bonding-activated proton transfer between the free and bound HSO4- anions. Crystallographic results show proof of oxyanion encapsulation within the centrosymmetric cage of L via multiple N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds to the six urea functions of two inversion-symmetric molecules. The solution-state binding and encapsulation of oxyanions by N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding has also been confirmed by quantitative H-1 NMR titration experiments, 2D NOESY NMR experiments, and Fourier transform IR analyses of the isolated crystals of the complexes that show huge spectral changes relative to the free receptor.
Positional Isomeric Effect in Nitrophenyl Functionalized Tripodal Urea Receptors toward Binding and Encapsulation of Anions
作者:Romen Chutia、Sandeep Kumar Dey、Gopal Das
DOI:10.1021/cg3015749
日期:2013.2.6
A set of three positional isomers of nitro-phenyl functionalized tris(urea) scaffold has been extensively studied as the anion coordinating host. The para-isomer, L-1, has been structurally authenticated to self-assemble into a dimeric (pseudo)molecular capsule in the presence of oxoanions of varied dimensionality (carbonate and terephthalate anions). Whereas the meta-isomer, L-2, has been found to self-assemble into a dimeric molecular capsule in presence of inorganic oxoanions such as hydrogen phosphate and adopts a flat trigonal planar like geometry in the presence of the terephthalate anion where each receptor side arm is in interaction with a carboxylate group of the anion. However, successful crystallization of the ortho-isomer, L-3, in the presence of different oxoanions was not fruitful presumably due to the steric effect provided by the nitro group at the ortho-position, which hinders the facile inclusion and coordination of an anion due to electrostatic factor, as confirmed by 2D NOESY NMR analysis of the free receptor. Qualitative and quantitative H-1 NMR experimental results showed that the ortho-isomer binds with oxoanions rather feebly as reflected from the apparent binding constant values of HCO3- and H2PO42- as compared to the meta- and para-isomers which can coordinate to these anions very strongly via encapsulation, as confirmed by 2D NOESY NMR analysis.