Heterocycle Formation through Aza-Annulation: Stereochemically Controlled Syntheses of (.+-.)-5-Epitashiromine and (.+-.)-Tashiromine
作者:K. Paulvannan、John R. Stille
DOI:10.1021/jo00086a009
日期:1994.4
N-alkylenamines, stabilized through conjugation with an electron-withdrawing group, undergo aza-annulation with acryloyl chloride to provide a convergent route for the construction of six-membered nitrogen heterocycles. In addition to enhancing the C-alkylation process of annulation relative to the competing N-acylation process, the electron withdrawing substituent controlled the regioselectivity of alkene formation in both the intermediate enamine and in the unsaturated lactam product. A variety of functional groups, which include -COMe, -COPh, -CO(2)R, -CONHPh, -CN, -P(O)(OEt)(2), and -SO(2)Ph, were used to determine the effect of the electron-withdrawing substituents upon both the annulation reaction with acryloyl chloride and the subsequent hydrogenation process. When the enamide annulation product was stabilized through conjugation with ester or amide substituents, catalytic hydrogenation of the ate-annulation product resulted in the formation of vicinal stereocenters with high cis selectivity. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated by application of the condensation/aza-annulation/hydrogenation sequence as the key for construction and stereochemical control of the indolizidine ring system of (+/-)-tashiromine.
Visible Light Promoted β-C-H Alkylation of β-Ketocarbonyls <i>via</i>
a β-Enaminyl Radical Intermediate
作者:Dehong Wang、Long Zhang、Sanzhong Luo
DOI:10.1002/cjoc.201700785
日期:2018.4
carbonyl activation mode is reported on the basis of photo‐induced single‐electron‐transfer (SET) oxidation of a secondary enamine. The resultant β‐enaminyl radical intermediate was trapped by a wide range of Michael acceptors, producing β‐alkylation products of β‐ketocarbonyls in a highly efficient manner.
Facile Synthesis of Spirocyclic Lactams via [3+2] and [3+3] Aza‐Annulation Reactions
作者:Davit Hayrapetyan、Valeriya Stepanova
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.202100255
日期:2021.4.15
5,5‐ and 5,6‐spirocyclic lactams were assembled in a diastereoselective manner via an aza‐annulationreaction between appropriate enamines and maleic or itaconic anhydrides. Available starting materials along with simple procedures are allowing for considering the resulting spirocycles as perspective building blocks for the synthesis of screening libraries.