Compounds for treating ophthalmic diseases and disorders
申请人:Scott Ian L.
公开号:US08674137B2
公开(公告)日:2014-03-18
Provided are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of treating ophthalmic diseases and disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's Disease, using said compounds and compositions.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cyanomethylation of aldehydes with TMSAN
作者:Ye-Cheng Fan、Guang-Fen Du、Wan-Fu Sun、Wei Kang、Lin He
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.080
日期:2012.4
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been served as efficient catalysts for cyanomethylation of carbonyl compounds. In the presence of 5 mol % NHC, various aldehydes and 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone reacted with trimethylsilylacetonitrile (TMSAN) to give beta-hydroxynitriles in moderate to high yields. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Choline chloride based eutectic solvents: Magical catalytic system for carbon–carbon bond formation in the rapid synthesis of β-hydroxy functionalized derivatives
Significant beta-hydroxy functionalized derivatives including nitroaldols, beta-hydroxy nitriles and beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids were successfully prepared, for the first time, by catalytic use of deep eutectic solvents (DES). This paper explores the versatility and effectiveness of DES as catalyst in three different carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. The uniqueness of this catalyst lies in its simplicity since it avoids expensive catalysts and multi-step synthesis as reported in literature. The compounds, which are potent intermediates for innumerable useful products, were synthesized in excellent yields within very short reaction times. The catalyst prepared from choline chloride and urea, is biodegradable, non-toxic, cost-effective and recyclable. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.