Ketoprofen as a photoinitiator for anionic polymerization
作者:Yu-Hsuan Wang、Peter Wan
DOI:10.1039/c4pp00454j
日期:2015.6
efficient photodecarboxylation of Ketoprofen (1) and the related derivatives 3 and 4 that generate the corresponding carbanion intermediates is presented. Carbanion intermediates are confirmed by deuterium incorporation in the trapped Michael adducts and by spectroscopic detection using laser flash photolysis (LFP). This novel anionic initiating system features excitation in the near UV and visible regions
PHOTOCHEMICAL AND PHOTOBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF KETOPROFEN ASSOCIATED WITH THE BENZOPHENONE CHROMOPHORE
作者:Francisco Boscá、Miguel A. Miranda、Germano Carganico、David Mauleon
DOI:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb05073.x
日期:1994.8
Abstract Irradiation of ketoprofen in neutral aqueous medium gave rise to 3‐ethylbenzophenone as the major photoproduct. Its formation is justified via protonation of a benzylic carbanion or hydrogen abstraction by a benzylic radical. Minor amounts of eight additional compounds were isolated. Four of them are derived from the benzylic radical: 3‐(1‐hydroperoxyethyl)benzophenone, 3‐(1‐hydroxyethyl)benzophenone, 3‐acetylbenzophenone and 2,3‐bis‐(3‐benzoylphenyl)butane. The other four products involve initial hydrogen abstraction by the excited benzophenone chromophore of ketoprofen: 1,2‐bis‐(3‐ethylphenyl)‐1,2‐diphenyl‐1,2‐ethanediol, 2‐(3‐benzoylphenyl)‐1‐(3‐ethylphenyl)‐1 ‐phenylpropan‐1 ‐01,α ‐(3‐ethylphenyl)phenylmethanol, 1,2‐bis‐[3‐(2‐hydroxycarbonylethyl)phenyl]‐1,2‐di‐phenyl‐1,2‐ethanediol. The latter process was found to mediate the photoperoxidation of linoleic acid through a type I mechanism, as evidenced by the inhibition produced by the radical scavengers butylated hydroxyanisole and reduced glutathione. The major photoproduct, which contains the benzophenone moiety but lacks the propionic acid side chain, also photosensitized linoleic acid peroxidation. Because lipid peroxidation is indicative of cell membrane lysis, the above findings are highly relevant to explain the photobiological properties of ketoprofen.
A general procedure for isotopic (deuterium) labelling of non-steroidal antiinflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids
作者:José V. Castell、Luis A. Martínez、Miguel A. Miranda、Pilar Tárrega
DOI:10.1002/jlcr.2580340113
日期:1994.1
Alkaline treatment of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids in deuterium oxide led in all cases to isotopic exchange of the proton located at the α-position of the side chain. Monodeuteration was observed in the case of carprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen and naproxen. Additional exchange of one or two protons of the heterocyclic ring occurred in indoprofen, suprofen and tiaprofenic acid. The isotopic labelling survived under the conditions required to perform in vitro photoallergic studies (photolysis in non-deuterated aqueous media).
A highly selective decarboxylative deuteration of carboxylic acids
A scalable, practical and general method for precise deuteration of aliphatic carboxylic acids via synergistic photoredox and HAT catalysis has been developed. The use of recirculation reactor achieved the preparative scale deuteration.