作者:Rahul R. Mahire、Deepika S. Agrawal、Devanand K. Patil、Dhananjay H. More
DOI:10.1039/c4ra03688c
日期:——
The treatment strategy of curing diseases using prodrugs of an anti-inflammatory drug is widespread. In the present study, we report on the synthesis of prodrugs of ketoprofen, consisting of a derivatization of ketoprofen and long hydrocarbon chain of fatty acids with diacylhydrazine linkage. The presence of an acidic moiety in ketoprofen may lead to ulceration in the gastrointestinal tract that reduces the efficacy of the drug with an increased adverse effect. The synthesis of prodrugs of ketoprofen involves the use of fatty acids as a carrier and hydrazine as a spacer. Synthesized prodrugs were characterized by infrared, 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The resulting prodrugs were found to be insoluble in water and precipitated out in acetonitrile, hexane, benzene, and so on. The synthesized prodrugs are slightly soluble in chloroform, methanol and ethanol and only form a gel like structure in carbon tetrachloride. The resulting gels are referred as organogels and prodrugs are referred to as organogelators. The surface morphology of the prepared organogels were studied by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other spectral characteristics were also investigated. FE-SEM and TEM images revealed that there were continuous elongated fiber-like structures present that were in the nanometer size range. Gel–sol temperature profiles of the prepared organogels were also studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The results from all these techniques are presented and discussed from point of view of the use of the derivatives as prodrug formulations. It is demonstrated that the prodrug containing the diacylhydrazine moiety has the ability to form a gel.
利用抗炎药物的前药治疗疾病的策略应用广泛。在本研究中,我们报道了酮洛芬前药的合成,该前药由酮洛芬的衍生化和具有二酰肼键的长碳链脂肪酸组成。酮洛芬中的酸性基团可能导致胃肠道溃疡,这种副作用减少了药物的有效性并增加了不良反应。酮洛芬前药的合成采用了脂肪酸作为载体和肼作为间隔物。合成的前药通过红外、核磁共振和质谱法进行了特征表征。结果显示,这些前药不溶于水,并在乙腈、己烷、苯等溶剂中沉淀出来。它们在氯仿、甲醇和乙醇中略溶,并且仅在四氯化碳中形成凝胶状结构。这些形成的凝胶被称为有机凝胶,前药被称为有机凝胶形成剂。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了制备的有机凝胶的表面形态,并调查了其他光谱特性。FE-SEM和TEM图像显示存在连续的纳米级长纤维状结构。还使用差示扫描量热法研究了制备的有机凝胶的凝胶-溶胶温度曲线。从使用这些衍生物作为前药配方的角度出发,展示了所有这些技术的结果并进行了讨论。结果表明,含有二酰肼结构的前药具有形成凝胶的能力。