investigation by 1D and various 2D NMR techniques revealed the presence of only E isomers with respect to the CN bond and the existence of cis/trans conformations in the synthesized N′-benzylidenebenzohydrazide and its derivatives. The stable conformations of these molecules are attributed to the rotation of the molecular fragment around the C(O)–N bond. Interestingly, the conformational rigidity and the populations
Modulation of estrogen-related receptors subtype selectivity: Conversion of an ERRβ/γ selective agonist to ERRα/β/γ pan agonists
作者:Mohamed Shahien、Mohamed Elagawany、Sadichha Sitaula、Shaimaa S. Goher、Sheryl L. Burris、Ryan Sanders、Amer Avdagic、Cyrielle Billon、Lamees Hegazy、Thomas P. Burris、Bahaa Elgendy
DOI:10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104079
日期:2020.9
Estrogen Related Receptors (ERRs) are key regulators of energy homeostasis and play important role in the etiology of metabolic disorders, skeletal muscle related disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Among the three ERR isoforms, ERR alpha emerged as a potential drug target for metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Although ERR beta/gamma selective agonist chemical tools have been identified, there are no chemical tools that effectively target ERR alpha agonism. We successfully engineered high affinity ERR alpha agonism into a chemical scaffold that displays selective ERR beta/gamma agonist activity (GSK4716), providing novel ERR alpha/beta/gamma pan agonists that can be used as tools to probe the physiological roles of these nuclear receptors. We identified the structural requirements to enhance selectivity toward ERR alpha. Molecular modeling shows that our novel modulators have favorable binding modes in the LBP of ERR alpha and can induce conformational changes where Phe328 that originally occupies the pocket is dislocated to accommodate the ligands in a rather small cavity. The best agonists up-regulated the expression of target genes PGC-1 alpha and PGC-1 beta, which are necessary to achieve maximal mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, they increased the mRNA levels of PDK4, which play an important role in energy homeostasis.
Fast Synthesis of <i>N</i>-Acylhydrazones Employing a Microwave Assisted Neat Protocol
作者:Marta M. Andrade、Maria Teresa Barros
DOI:10.1021/cc9001444
日期:2010.3.8
A variety of N-acylhydrazones were synthesized Under microwave irradiation within 2.5-10 min, starting from benzo, salicyloyl, and isonicotinic hydrazides. The protocol developed employs microwave irradiation in the absence of solvents and catalysts, leading to high yields. The results are reproducible in a 500 mg to 5 g scale.
DAVIDSON, J. S., CHEM. AND IND., 1982, N 17, 660-661
作者:DAVIDSON, J. S.
DOI:——
日期:——
CHEN QI-JIE; JIN YUE-CHUN, ACTA CHIM. SIN., 44,(1986) N 7, 734-737