氢键辅助的亚硝基芳烃的邻位选择性C(sp 2)-H氨基化和随后的α-C(sp 3)-H脂肪族胺的官能化在无金属条件下实现。亚硝基芳烃和2-羟基-C-亚硝基化合物与N-杂环的环化分别提供了相对于广泛的生物学相关的环稠合的苯并咪唑和结构上新颖的多环咪唑的简便过量。发现在卤代亚硝基芳烃的C(sp 2)–H胺化过程中,亲核芳香族氢取代(S N ArH)比经典S N Ar反应更可取。
Optical control of GIRK channels using visible light
作者:Julie B. Trads、Jessica Burgstaller、Laura Laprell、David B. Konrad、Luis de la Osa de la Rosa、C. David Weaver、Herwig Baier、Dirk Trauner、David M. Barber
DOI:10.1039/c6ob02153k
日期:——
G-protein coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are an integral part of inhibitory signal transduction pathways, reducing the activity of excitable cells via hyperpolarization. They play crucial roles in processes such as cardiac output, cognition and the coordination of movement. Therefore, the precision control of GIRK channels is of critical importance. Here, we describe the development
Reversible Photoswitchable Inhibitors Generate Ultrasensitivity in Out-of-Equilibrium Enzymatic Reactions
作者:Michael Teders、Aleksandr A. Pogodaev、Glenn Bojanov、Wilhelm T. S. Huck
DOI:10.1021/jacs.0c12956
日期:2021.4.21
ultrasensitivity arises in simple out-of-equilibrium enzymatic systems upon incorporation of reversible photoswitchable inhibitors (PIs). Utilizing a chromophore/warhead strategy, PIs of the protease α-chymotrypsin were synthesized, which led to the discovery of inhibitors with large differences in inhibition constants (Ki) for the different photoisomers. A microfluidic flow setup was used to study enzymatic
超灵敏性是生化反应网络普遍存在的新兴特性。具有超灵敏性的合成反应网络的设计和构建一直具有挑战性,但将极大地扩展仿生材料的潜在特性。在此,我们利用通用的模块化策略利用光可逆地调节酶的活性,并展示了在加入可逆光开关抑制剂 (PI) 后,简单的失衡酶促系统如何产生超敏感性。利用发色团/弹头策略,蛋白酶 α-糜蛋白酶的 PI 被合成,这导致发现了抑制常数差异很大的抑制剂 ( K i) 用于不同的光异构体。微流体流动设置用于通过连续添加和去除试剂来研究失衡条件下的酶促反应。在用不同的光脉冲序列照射连续搅拌釜反应器后,即改变紫外线和蓝光照射的脉冲持续时间或频率,光异构体之间的可逆切换导致酶活性的超灵敏响应以及输入信号的频率过滤。这种通用的模块化策略能够对单个酶催化反应的动力学速率进行可逆和可调控制,并使酶与各种网络拓扑的可编程连接成为可能。
<i>ortho</i>-Fluoroazobenzenes: Visible Light Switches with Very Long-Lived<i>Z</i>Isomers
Improving the photochemical properties of molecular photoswitches is crucial for the development of light‐responsive systems in materials and life sciences. ortho‐Fluoroazobenzenes are a new class of rationally designed photochromic azo compounds with optimized properties, such as the ability to isomerize with visiblelight only, high photoconversions, and unprecedented robust bistable character. Introducing
acetylcholine receptoragonist iperoxo. We investigated the impact of the substitution pattern on receptor activity and evaluated the different binding modes. Compounds 9b and 15b show excellent photochemical properties and biological activity as fluorination of the azobenzene core alters not only the photochromic behavior but also the pharmacological profile at the muscarinic M1 receptor. These findings
A Photoswitchable Agonist for the Histamine H
<sub>3</sub>
Receptor, a Prototypic Family A G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor
作者:Niels J. Hauwert、Tamara A. M. Mocking、Daniel Da Costa Pereira、Ken Lion、Yara Huppelschoten、Henry F. Vischer、Iwan J. P. De Esch、Maikel Wijtmans、Rob Leurs
DOI:10.1002/anie.201813110
日期:2019.3.26
Spatiotemporal control over biochemical signaling processes involving G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) is highly desired for dissecting their complex intracellular signaling. We developed sixteen photoswitchable ligands for the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). Upon illumination, key compound 65 decreases its affinity for the hH3R by 8.5‐fold and its potency in hH3R‐mediated Gi protein activation by