作者:Son H. Doan、Mohanad A. Hussein、Thanh Vinh Nguyen
DOI:10.1039/d1cc02947a
日期:——
used to be one of the most powerful synthetic tools to functionalize alcohols and nitriles, providing valuable N-alkyl amide products. However, this reaction has not been frequently used in modern organicsynthesis due to its employment of strongly acidic and harsh reaction conditions, which often lead to complicated side reactions. Herein, we report the development of a new method using salts of the
meta- or para-position are highly effective catalysts for the amide condensation reaction in less-polar solvents. In this paper, we report that N-alkyl-4-boronopyridinium halides are more effective catalysts than the previous ones in more polar solvents. N-Alkyl-4-boronopyridinium halides are effective not only for amide condensation between equimolar mixtures of carboxylic acids and amines but also
Synthesis of<i>N</i>-Benzhydrylamides from Nitriles by Ritter Reactions in Formic Acid
作者:David E. Lewis、Glen C. Gullickson
DOI:10.1055/s-2003-38069
日期:——
Benzhydrol reacts with nitriles in refluxing formic acid to produce amides arising from the Ritter reaction. This reaction does not require a strong acid catalyst, and the products are isolated without the need for chromatography. The conditions permit the preparation of acrylamides and methacrylamides without polymerization of the nitrile.
作者:Logan Audiger、Kevin Watts、Simon C. Elmore、Richard I. Robinson、Thomas Wirth
DOI:10.1002/cssc.201100372
日期:2012.2.13
Flow me a Ritter: Ritterreactions are performed in a simple microreactor setup using tert‐butylacetate as versatile carbocation source. The protocol avoids the handling of large amounts of hot concentrated sulfuric acid as low concentrations are optimal for rapid access tert‐butyl‐ or diphenylmethyl‐protected amides.
Environmentally Benign Ritter Reaction Using Bismuth Salts as a Catalyst
作者:Masaharu Ueno、Ryo Kusaka、Satoshi D. Ohmura、Norikazu Miyoshi
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201801882
日期:2019.2.28
We developed an environmentally benign Ritterreaction of alcohols with nitriles using a commercially available bismuth salt as a less harmful catalyst. The detailed reaction profiles revealed that consumption of the ether by-product as the reaction proceeded was the key for optimizing this reaction, and the yield of the target amide was improved by adding a small amount of water. This finding clearly