Eco-Friendly and Highly Efficient Synthesis, Including Multigram Synthesis, of Aldehyde Isonicotinoyl Hydrazones Using Sonochemistry
作者:Ligia Pinto、Marcus de Souza、Emerson Silva、Carlos Kaiser、Solange Wardell、James Wardell
DOI:10.2174/1570178613666160824123827
日期:2016.11.29
Background: The isoniazid has been a key compound in first-line tuberculosis (TB) treatment,
usually in combination with other drugs. Following on from the use of isoniazid itself, various derivatives
of isoniazid have also been investigated as anti-TB agents and other diseases. This work aims
to synthesize, multigram scale, salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone from isoniazid and salicylaldehyde,
using ultrasound. Additionally, we have been interested in establishing a general, smaller-scale,
ultrasonic driven synthesis of arylaldehyde isoniazid N-acylhydrazones, particularly for use in our biological
studies.
Methods: A Multiwave Eco-Sonics QR750 ultrasonic generator (20 KHz, 750 W) equipped with a converter/
transducer, and titanium oscillator (horn, diameter = 4 mm) was used for the ultrasonic irradiantion.
Compounds were characterized by melting points, infrared spectra, mass spectra (CG/MS), electron
microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state 13C and solution NMR spectra.
Results: This work describes a green chemistry protocol, multigram scale (ca 4 mole) and highly efficient
synthesis utilizing ultrasonic irradiation of salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone, a widely used
compound in biological studies. With a short reaction time of 30 min, and a facile work up, involving
washing with water, the important bioactive product was obtained in a high yield, 98.7%, and in a high
purity 99.43%. Also prepared using ultrasonic irradiation with short reaction times, in high yields and
high purities, but on smaller scales, were a series arylaldehyde isoniazid N-acylhydrazones, all of which
exhibit promising activity against cancer and tuberculosis. Comparisons with the classical procedures
indicate advantages in the ultrasonic irradiated methodology.
Conclusion: We report the high yielding ultrasonic synthesis of pure salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone
on a 4 mole scale. In addition, a series of ten isoniazid N-acylhydrazone derivatives has been
obtained using ultrasonic irradiation. The ultrasonic procedures are simple, safe, with short reaction
times, and produce high yields.
背景:异烟肼一直是一线结核病(TB)治疗的关键化合物,通常与其他药物联合使用。继异烟肼本身的使用之后,异烟肼的各种衍生物也被研究用作抗结核药物和其他疾病的药物。这项工作旨在利用超声波从异烟肼和水杨醛中合成多克级的水杨醛异烟酰腙。此外,我们还有兴趣建立一种通用的、较小规模的、超声波驱动的异烟肼 N-酰肼芳基醛合成方法,特别是用于我们的生物研究。 方法:化合物的表征包括熔点、红外光谱、质谱(CG/MS)、电子显微镜、X 射线粉末衍射、固态 13C 和溶液 NMR 光谱。 结果:本研究介绍了利用超声波辐照合成水杨醛异烟酰腙(一种广泛用于生物研究的化合物)的绿色化学方案、多克级(约 4 摩尔)高效合成方法。反应时间短,仅需 30 分钟,操作简便,只需用水冲洗,即可获得重要的生物活性产物,收率高达 98.7%,纯度高达 99.43%。使用超声波辐照法制备的一系列芳基醛类异烟肼 N-酰肼反应时间短、产率高、纯度高,但规模较小。与传统方法相比,超声辐照法更具优势。 结论:我们报告了以 4 摩尔规模高产超声合成纯水杨醛异烟酰腙的方法。此外,我们还利用超声辐照法获得了一系列 10 种异烟肼 N-酰腙衍生物。超声波程序简单、安全、反应时间短、产率高。