(R)-巴氯芬盐酸盐(STX 209盐酸盐)是选择性GABAB受体激动剂。
靶点在C57BL/6背景下的Fmr1敲除小鼠中,(R)-巴氯芬盐酸盐能抑制诱发性癫痫发作,有效剂量为1 mg/kg。急性腹腔注射(R)-巴氯芬盐酸盐显著减少了显示癫痫发作的小鼠比例(发作频率),最小有效剂量(MED)为1.5 mg/kg。
Bifunctional amino thiourea-catalyzed asymmetric additions of several nucleophiles into electron-deficient unsaturated compounds such as nitroolefins, ?,?-unsaturated imides, imines, and azodicarboxylates are described. We discovered that bifunctional thioureas bearing a tertiary amino group significantly accelerated several nucleophilic addition reactions of active methylene compounds to electron-deficient double bonds. In these reactions, a strong hydrogen-bonding ability of the thiourea moiety as well as an appropriate Brønsted basicity of the tertiary amine is crucial for high enantioselectivity. This dual activation of both nucleophiles and electrophiles by the bifunctional thiourea expanded the applicability of the thiourea-catalyzed enantioselective reaction. In addition, these organocatalyzed asymmetric reactions were successfully applied to the concise asymmetric synthesis of natural products and medicinal candidates such as epibatidine, baclofen, and CP-99,994.