4,4''-二甲基-1,1':4',1''-三联苯 | 97295-31-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 中文名称: 4,4''-二甲基-1,1':4',1''-三联苯
• 英文名称: 1,4-bis(p-tolyl)benzene
• 英文别名: 4,4''-dimethyl-p-terphenyl；4,4''-dimethyl-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl；4,4''-dimethylterphenyl；1,4-di(p-methylphenyl)benzene；1,4-di(4-methylphenyl)benzene；1,1':4',1''-Terphenyl, 4,4''-dimethyl-；1,4-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzene
• CAS: 97295-31-3
• 化学式: C₂₀H₁₈
• 分子量: 258.363
• InChiKey: NKIXYJULGMJDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  255-257℃
• 沸点：
  421.4±25.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.022±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  6.7
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.1
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2902909090

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4,4''-二甲基-1,1':4',1''-三联苯 在 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS) 作用下， 以 四氯化碳 为溶剂， 反应 2.5h， 以40%的产率得到4,4''-bis(bromomethyl)-p-terphenyl
  参考文献：
  名称：

  [C−H···O] Interactions as a Control Element in Supramolecular Complexes:  Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation of Receptor Affinities for the Binding of Bipyridinium-Based Guests by Catenated Hosts¹

  摘要：

  Macrocyclic receptors incorporating two facing pi-electron-rich aromatic surfaces, held at a distance of approximately 7 Angstrom by polyether spacers, bind bipyridinium-based guests. This recognition motif, which is dictated by pi-pi stacking and [C-H ... O] hydrogen-bonding interactions, has led to the development of efficient template-directed syntheses of mechanically interlocked molecules, such as catenanes and rotaxanes. By employing a supramolecularly assisted synthetic methodology based on these interactions, we have self-assembled two novel [3]catenanes, each incorporating two 1,5-dioxynaphtho-38-crown-10 components and one bipyridinium-based tetracationic cyclophane component. Single-crystal X-ray analyses of these [3]catenanes revealed that they possess internal cavities bounded on two opposite sites by pi-electron-rich 15-dioxynaphthalene units separated by a distance of approximately 7-8 Angstrom. Despite the presence of apparently ideal "binding pockets", these mechanically interlocked compounds steadfastly refuse to bind bipyridinium-based guests in solution, as demonstrated by both H-1 NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy. AMBER* and HF/3-21G calculations on appropriate models show that the absence of [C-H ... O] hydrogen-bonding interactions is responsible for the instability of these geometrically ideal complexes. The [C-H ... O] bond appears to be quantitatively much more important than pi-pi stacking interactions in these particular systems.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja982748b
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  1-甲基-4-[4-(4-甲基苯基)丁-1,3-二烯基]苯 在 邻二氯苯 、 丁炔二酸二乙酯 作用下， 生成 4,4''-二甲基-1,1':4',1''-三联苯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis of Hydrocarbon Derivatives by the Wittig Reaction II. Diarylbutadienes and Quinquephenyls¹

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01094a036

文献信息

• Nickel(0)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Arenesulfonates with Aryl Grignard Reagents
  作者：Chul-Hee Cho、Hee-Sung Yun、Kwangyong Park

  DOI：10.1021/jo026449n

  日期：2003.4.1

  nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of neopentyl arenesulfonates with arylmagnesium bromides, involving nucleophilic aromatic substitution of alkyloxysulfonyl groups by aryl nucleophiles, take place in high yields. Optimal efficiencies are obtained by adding 3 + 2 equiv of the Grignard reagent to a mixture of dppfNiCl(2) and the sulfonate in refluxing THF. Neopentyl arenesulfonates are useful sources of

  新戊基芳烃磺酸盐与芳基溴化镁的镍催化交叉偶联反应涉及芳基亲核试剂对烷氧基磺酰基的亲核芳族取代，其收率很高。通过在回流的THF中将3 + 2当量的格氏试剂添加到dppfNiCl（2）和磺酸盐的混合物中来获得最佳效率。在这些过渡金属催化的交叉偶联反应中，新戊基芳烃磺酸盐是亲电子芳基的有用来源。芳基磺酸盐由于在反应条件下的环境反应性而不合适。这种新的交叉偶联反应可用于从芳香族化合物中创造性地消除烷氧基磺酰基，并用于制备不对称的三联苯基和低聚苯基。
• Efficient construction of C–C bonds from aryl halides/aryl esters with arylboronic acids catalysed by palladium(II) thiourea complexes
  作者：Manikandan Thimma Sambamoorthy、Ramesh Rengan、Malecki Jan Grzegorz

  DOI：10.1002/aoc.5181

  日期：2019.11

  Interestingly, the palladium(II) thiourea complexes showed the highest catalytic activity with 0.1 mol% catalyst loading in Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions utilizing a range of aryl bromides/unactivated aryl chlorides with arylboronic acids as coupling partners in aqueous–organic media. Syntheses of diaryl ketones using aryl esters and arylboronic acids as coupling partners were also achieved with low

  已成功地合成了一组新的包含苯基（噻唑基）硫脲配体的钯（II）配合物，并借助分析和光谱（IR，UV-可见光和NMR）方法对其进行了表征。单晶X射线衍射法证实了新钯配合物中硫脲配体的N ^ S配位模式具有N ^ S配位模式的扭曲方平面几何结构。有趣的是，钯（II）硫脲配合物在铃木-宫浦交叉偶联反应中显示出最高的催化活性，催化剂负载量为0.1摩尔％，利用一系列芳基溴化物/未活化的芳基氯化物与芳基硼酸作为水性有机介质中的偶合伙伴。使用芳基酯和芳基硼酸作为偶合伙伴合成二芳基酮也可以在20小时内以较低的催化剂负载量实现。我们的催化剂的潜力通过其广泛的底物范围，低的催化剂负载量和高的分离产率得到了证明。此外，还研究了关键参数如溶剂，碱，温度和催化剂用量的影响。
• Palladium (II)–Salan Complexes as Catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura C–C Cross-Coupling in Water and Air. Effect of the Various Bridging Units within the Diamine Moieties on the Catalytic Performance
  作者：Szilvia Bunda、Krisztina Voronova、Ágnes Kathó、Antal Udvardy、Ferenc Joó

  DOI：10.3390/molecules25173993

  日期：——

  salan ligands were synthesized by hydrogenation and subsequent sulfonation of salens (N,N’-bis(slicylidene)ethylenediamine and analogues) with various bridging units (linkers) connecting the nitrogen atoms. Pd (II) complexes were obtained in reactions of sulfosalans and [PdCl4]2−. Characterization of the ligands and complexes included extensive X-ray diffraction studies, too. The Pd (II) complexes proved

  水溶性的 salan 配体是通过对具有连接氮原子的各种桥接单元（接头）的 salens（N，N'-双（亚硅基）乙二胺和类似物）进行氢化和随后的磺化来合成的。Pd (II) 配合物是在硫柳胺和 [PdCl4]2- 的反应中获得的。配体和配合物的表征也包括广泛的 X 射线衍射研究。Pd (II) 配合物被证明是芳基卤化物和芳基硼​​酸衍生物在 80°C 下在水和空气中的 Suzuki-Miyaura 反应的高活性催化剂。对 Pd (II)-磺胺嘧啶催化剂的比较研究表明，催化活性随着接头长度的增加和配体 N 供体原子周围空间拥挤度的增加而大大增加；最高比活为40,000（mol底物）（mol催化剂×h）-1。
• Room-Temperature Kumada Cross-Coupling of Unactivated Aryl Chlorides Catalyzed by <i>N</i>-Heterocylic Carbene-Based Nickel(II) Complexes
  作者：Zhenxing Xi、Bin Liu、Wanzhi Chen

  DOI：10.1021/jo800197u

  日期：2008.5.1

  The Kumada cross-coupling reaction of a variety of unactivated aryl chlorides, vinyl chlorides, and heteroaryl chlorides catalyzed by nickel(II) complexes containing pyridine-functionalized NHC ligands is described. The catalysts are so active that the reactions proceed at room temperature in excellent yields.

  描述了由含有吡啶官能化的NHC配体的镍（II）配合物催化的各种未活化的芳基氯，氯乙烯和杂芳基氯的熊田交叉偶联反应。催化剂是如此活泼，以至于反应在室温下以优异的产率进行。
• Trinuclear copper(I) complex of 1,3-bis(2-pyridinylmethyl)imidazolylidene as a carbene-transfer reagent for the preparation of catalytically active nickel(II) and palladium(II) complexes
  作者：Chao Chen、Huayu Qiu、Wanzhi Chen

  DOI：10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.09.008

  日期：2012.1

  each Cu–Cu bond capped by an imidazolylidene group. Each imidazolylidene acts as a bridging ligand in a μ2 mode and is bonded equally to two Cu(I) ions. The pincer nickel and palladium complexes are square-planar and contain a tridentate NCN ligand. Complexes 3 and 4 are efficient catalyst precursors for Kumada–Corriu and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl halides with organometallic reagents

  1,3-双（吡啶-2-基甲基）-1H-咪唑-3-六氟磷酸盐（[HL1]（PF 6），L1 = 1,3-双（吡啶-2-基甲基）咪唑基亚烷基）的反应1,3-双（吡啶-2-基甲基）-1H-苯并咪唑-3-六氟磷酸盐（[HL2]（PF 6），L2 = 1,3-双（吡啶-2-基甲基）苯并咪唑基亚苄基）乙腈容易产生三核络合物[Cu 3（L1）3（PF 6）3 ]（1）和[Cu 3（L2）3（PF 6）3 ]（2）。Ni（PPh 3）2 Cl 2处理1由于过金属化作用，Pd（cod）Cl 2和[Pd（cod）Cl 2分别得到[Ni（L1）Cl]（PF 6）（3）和[Pd（L1）Cl]（PF 6）（4）。从[Cu 3（L1）3（PF 6）3 ]和阮内镍在乙腈中的反应获得[Ni（L1）2 ]（PF 6）2（5）。所有这些复合物已被充分表征。既1和2组成的三角形的Cu 3芯与由imidazolylidene基团