In Vitro Metabolism of Chloroprene: Species Differences, Epoxide Stereochemistry and a De-chlorination Pathway
摘要:
Chloroprene (1) was metabolized by liver microsomes from Sprague-Dawley rats, Fischer 344 rats, B6C3F1 mice, and humans to the monoepoxides, (1-chloro-ethenyl)oxirane (5a/5b), and 2-chloro-2-ethenyloxirane (4a/4b). The formation of 4a/4b was inferred from the identification of their degradation products. With male Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rat liver microsomes, there was a ca. 3:2 preference for the formation of (R)-(1-chloroethenyl)oxirane (5a) compared to the (S)-enantiomer (5b). A smaller but distinct enantioselectivity in the formation of (S)-(1-chloro-ethenyl)oxirane occurred with liver microsomes from male mouse (R:S, 0.90:1) or male human (R:S, 0.86:1). 2-Chloro-2-ethenyloxirane was very unstable in the presence of the microsomal mixture and was rapidly converted to 1-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one (11) and 1-chlorobut-3-en-2-one (12). An additional rearrangement pathway of 2-chloro-2-ethenyloxirane gave rise to 2-chlorobut-3-en-1-al (14) and 2-chlorobut-2-en-1-al (15). Further reductive metabolism of these metabolites occurred to form 1-hydroxybutan-2-one (17) and 1-chlorobutan-2-one (18). In the absence of an epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, the microsomal incubations converted (1-chloroethenyl)oxirane to 3-chlorobut-3-ene-1,2-diol (21a/21b). When microsomal incubations were supplemented with glutathione, 1-hydroxybut-3-en-2-one was not detected because of its rapid conjugation with this thiol scavenger.
Process for the preparation of (1-chloroethenyl-) oxirane
申请人:Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
公开号:US04146544A1
公开(公告)日:1979-03-27
An improved process has been invented for the production of (1-chloroethenyl)-oxirane which comprises dehydrochlorinating (1,2-dichloroethyl)-oxirane with a solution of the sodium salt of an alcohol having at least 5 carbon atoms in said alcohol and separating the (1-chloro-ethenyl)-oxirane from the reaction mixture.
Identification of Adducts Derived from Reactions of (1-Chloroethenyl)oxirane with Nucleosides and Calf Thymus DNA
作者:Tony Munter、Lisa Cottrell、Stuart Hill、Leif Kronberg、William P. Watson、Bernard T. Golding
DOI:10.1021/tx020070e
日期:2002.12.1
rubbers. The reactions of (1-chloroethenyl)oxirane with 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxycytidine, thymidine, and calfthymusDNA have been studied in aqueous buffered solutions. The adducts from the nucleosides were isolated by reversed-phase HPLC, and characterized by their UV absorbance and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric features. The reaction with 2'-deoxyguanosine