申请人:Ceskoslovenska akademie ved
公开号:US04950733A1
公开(公告)日:1990-08-21
The invention pertains to capryloyloxyalkyl acrylates of the general formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CO--O--R--O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --CH.sub.3, where R is an alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, their polymers and copolymers containing structure units of the general formula ##STR1## where R is alkylene group or different alkylene groups with 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the polymer contains either 100% of the capryloyloxyalkyl acrylate structure units or additional vinyl chloride structure units in the main chain or side chains. The invention also pertains to the method for preparation of capryloyloxyalkyl arcylate which consists in the esterification of hydroxyalkyl caprylate of the general formula HO--R--O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --CH.sub.3, where R has the above given meaning, with acrylic acid, its chloride, bromide or anhydride or of hydroxyalkyl acrylate of the general formula HO--R--O--CO--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, where R has the above given meaning, with caprylic acid, its chloride, bromide or anhydride, whereas the esterification carried out with acid halides are advantageously carried out in the presence of aprotic nitrogen bases, as pyridine, triethylamine, dimethylaniline, or quinoline. The invention further pertains to the method for producing the polymers and copolymers containing capryloyloxyalkyl acrylate structure units, which consists in the polymerization and copolymerization of capryloyloxyalkyl acrylates or their copolymerization with vinyl chloride in solution or aqueous dispersion at 0.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. up to the conversions of 55 to 94% or in the polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of poly(capryloyloxyalkyl acrylate) at 0.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. up to the conversions of 55 to 94%. The invention is applicable in the production of new types of plasticized PVC with the suppressed migration and extraction of the plasticizing component.
本发明涉及一般式为CH.sub.2.dbd.CH-CO-O-R-O-CO-(CH.sub.2).sub.6-CH.sub.3的辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯,其中R是具有2到6个碳原子的烷基基团,以及它们的聚合物和共聚物,包含一般式##STR1##的结构单元,其中R是具有2到6个碳原子的烷基基团或不同的烷基基团,并且聚合物主链或侧链中含有100%的辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯结构单元或额外的氯乙烯结构单元。本发明还涉及制备辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯的方法,该方法包括将具有上述给定含义的羟基烷基辛酸酯的一般式HO-R-O-CO-(CH.sub.2).sub.6-CH.sub.3与丙烯酸、其氯化物、溴化物或酸酐或具有上述给定含义的羟基丙烯酸酯的一般式HO-R-O-CO-CH.dbd.CH.sub.2与辛酸、其氯化物、溴化物或酸酐酯化,而酸卤化物的酯化反应优选在无水氮碱基的存在下进行,如吡啶、三乙胺、二甲基苯胺或喹啉等。本发明还涉及制备含有辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯结构单元的聚合物和共聚物的方法,该方法包括在0℃至80℃的溶液或水分散中聚合和共聚辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯或将其与氯乙烯共聚,转化率达到55%至94%,或在聚合氯乙烯的同时,在0℃至80℃的条件下,存在聚(辛酰氧基烷基丙烯酸酯),转化率达到55%至94%。本发明适用于生产新型塑化聚氯乙烯,具有抑制塑化成分迁移和提取的特点。