胺在水中的催化有氧α-氧化是目前酰胺合成方法的原子经济和绿色替代方案。该反应使用 O 2作为终端氧化剂,避免了危险的反应物,并产生了水作为唯一的副产物。在这里,我们报道了二氧化硅负载的金纳米粒子对胺的有氧α-氧化的催化活性可以通过将吡啶基配体束缚在载体上来提高。相反,在材料上固定硫醇基团产生的活性可与裸二氧化硅上负载的金相媲美。我们的研究表明,配体影响金纳米粒子的电子特性,从而决定了它们在胺底物中激活 O 2和介导 C-H 裂解的能力。反应可能通过以下方式进行通过从富电子金属到轨道的回馈实现Au催化的β-氢化物消除。O 2也在富含电子的 Au 上被激活,作为清除剂从金属表面去除 H 并再生活性位点。对催化转化的机理理解导致了一种在胺的 N 原子上形成 C-C 键 α 的新方法。
PROCESS FOR PREPARING SECONDARY AMIDES BY CARBONYLATION OF A CORRESPONDING TERTIARY AMINE
申请人:SRASRA Mondher
公开号:US20100130785A1
公开(公告)日:2010-05-27
The present invention relates to a process for preparing secondary amides with good selectivity by carbonylating a corresponding tertiary amine with carbon monoxide in a reaction mixture in the presence of a metal catalyst and in the presence of a halogen containing promoter. The metal catalyst comprises palladium. A same or even a much better catalytic activity can be obtained with palladium than with the much more expensive rhodium, especially when the palladium is used in a low concentration. Moreover, also a good selectivity can be achieved.
Carbonylation of quaternary ammonium salts to tertiary amides using NaCo(CO)4 catalyst
作者:Yizhu Lei、Rui Zhang、Qing Wu、Hui Mei、Bo Xiao、Guangxing Li
DOI:10.1016/j.molcata.2013.10.014
日期:2014.1
the catalytic carbonylation of quaternary ammoniumsalts under anhydrous condition. Quaternary ammoniumsalts, a kind of versatile reagents that were widely used in organometallic chemistry, can be carbonylated to tertiaryamides by an in situ prepared NaCo(CO)4 catalyst. It was found that the counterions (Cl−, Br−, I−, OTf−) in the quaternary ammoniumsalts played a significant role in the reaction
The direct α‐heteroarylation of alkylamides through a radical chain mechanism involving homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS) was accomplished using methanesulfonylheteroarenes and t‐BuON=NOt‐Bu as arylating reagents and a tert‐butoxy radical precursor, respectively.
Direct C C coupling of indoles with alkylamides via oxidative C H functionalization using Fe3O(BDC)3 as a productive heterogeneous catalyst
作者:Son H. Doan、Khoa D. Nguyen、Phuc T. Huynh、Tung T. Nguyen、Nam T.S. Phan
DOI:10.1016/j.molcata.2016.07.042
日期:2016.11
used a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the direct C C coupling of indoles with alkylamides via oxidative C H functionalization. The catalyst expressed higher catalytic efficiency for the direct C C coupling transformation than that of other MOFs and that of other homogeneous iron catalysts. The coupling of indoles with alkylamides could only continued to form indole derivatives in the presence of
摘要 制备了金属-有机骨架Fe 3 O(BDC) 3 ,并使用可回收的多相催化剂通过氧化CH官能化将吲哚与烷基酰胺直接CC偶联。与其他 MOF 和其他均相铁催化剂相比,该催化剂对直接 CC 偶联转化的催化效率更高。吲哚与烷基酰胺的偶联只能在固体骨架催化剂存在下继续形成吲哚衍生物,如果有的话,提供浸出的活性铁物质是微不足道的。Fe-MOF催化剂可以多次重复用于通过直接CC偶联合成吲哚衍生物,而不会显着降低催化活性。据我们所知,
Reactions of carbonyl compounds in basic solutions. Part 15. The alkaline hydrolysis of N-methyl, N-phenyl and bicyclo lactams, penicillins and N-alkyl-N-methylacetamides
作者:Keith Bowden、Keith Bromley
DOI:10.1039/p29900002111
日期:——
suggest the detailed mechanisms. All the β-lactams appear to react with rate-determining addition of hydroxide anion; while the N-alkyl γ- and δ-lactams and N-alkyl-N-methylacetamides have rate-determining ring fission of the tetrahedral adduct, assisted by water-catalysis. The reactivity of penicillin in alkalinehydrolysis has been analysed by the studies of model compounds. These show that the increased