Synthesis and Characterization of Novel 2-Amino-Chromene-Nitriles that Target Bcl-2 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines
作者:Hosadurga K. Keerthy、Manoj Garg、Chakrabhavi D. Mohan、Vikas Madan、Deepika Kanojia、Rangappa Shobith、Shivananju Nanjundaswamy、Daniel J. Mason、Andreas Bender、Basappa、Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa、H. Phillip Koeffler
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0107118
日期:——
The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 is a well-known and attractive therapeutic target for cancer. In the present study the solution-phase T3P-DMSO mediated efficient synthesis of 2-amino-chromene-3-carbonitriles from alcohols, malanonitrile and phenols is reported. These novel 2-amino-chromene-3-carbonitriles showed cytotoxicity in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines. Compound 4g was found to be the most bioactive, decreasing growth and increasing apoptosis of AML cells. Moreover, compound 4g (at a concentration of 5 µM) increased the G2/M and sub-G1 (apoptosis) phases of AML cells. The AML cells treated with compound 4g exhibited decreased levels of Bcl-2 and increased levels of caspase-9. In silico molecular interaction analysis showed that compound 4g shared a similar global binding motif with navitoclax (another small molecule that binds Bcl-2), however compound 4g occupies a smaller volume within the P2 hot spot of Bcl-2. The intermolecular π-stacking interaction, direct electrostatic interactions, and docking energy predicted for 4g in complex with Bcl-2 suggest a strong affinity of the complex, rendering 4g as a promising Bcl-2 inhibitor for evaluation as a new anticancer agent.
抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2是癌症治疗中的一个著名且有吸引力的靶标。在本研究中,报告了一种通过T3P-DMSO介导的高效合成2-氨基-色烯-3-氰化物的溶液相反应,该反应以醇、马尔浓氰和酚为原料。这些新型2-氨基-色烯-3-氰化物在人体急性髓性白血病(AML)细胞系中显示出细胞毒性。化合物4g被发现是最具生物活性的,能够抑制AML细胞的生长并增加其凋亡。此外,化合物4g(浓度为5 µM)增加了AML细胞的G2/M和亚G1(凋亡)阶段。处理化合物4g的AML细胞显示Bcl-2水平降低,而半胱氨酸酶-9水平提高。分子模拟相互作用分析显示,化合物4g与navitoclax(另一种与Bcl-2结合的小分子)具有相似的全局结合位序,但化合物4g在Bcl-2的P2热点中占据的体积较小。对于化合物4g与Bcl-2复合物的分子间π-堆积相互作用、直接静电相互作用及其对接能量的预测,表明该复合物具有强亲和力,使4g成为有前景的Bcl-2抑制剂,有望作为新的抗癌药物进行评估。