Synthesis and Identification of Small Molecules that Potently Induce Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells through G1 Cell Cycle Arrest
摘要:
Late-stage malignant melanoma is a cancer that is refractory to current chemotherapeutic treatments. The average survival time for patients with such a diagnosis is 6 months. In general, the vast majority of anticancer drugs operate through induction of cell cycle arrest and cell death in either the DNA synthesis (S) or mitosis (M) phase of the cell cycle. Unfortunately, the same mechanisms that melanocytes possess to protect cells from DNA damage often confer resistance to drugs that derive their toxicity from S or M phase arrest. Described herein is the synthesis of a combinatorial library of potential proapoptotic agents and the subsequent identification of a class of small molecules (triphenyl methylamides, TPMAs) that arrest the growth of melanoma cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Several of these TPMAs are quite potent inducers of apoptotic death in melanoma cell lines (IC50 similar to 0.5 mu M), and importantly, some TPMAs are comparatively nontoxic to normal cells isolated from the bone marrow of healthy donors. Furthermore, the TPMAs were found to dramatically reduce the level of active nuclear factor kappa-B (NF kappa B) in the cell; NF kappa B is known to be constitutively active in melanoma, and this activity is critical for the proliferation of melanoma cells and their evasion of apoptosis. Compounds that reduce the level of NF kappa B and arrest cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle can provide insights into the biology of melanoma and may be effective antimelanoma agents.
Copper and N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Oxidative Amidation of Aldehydes with Amines
作者:Anudeep Kumar Narula、Ashmita Singh
DOI:10.1055/a-1343-5203
日期:2021.4
one-pot two-step oxidative process has been developed for the tert-butyl hydroperoxide mediated transformation of aldehydes and amines into amides catalyzed by copper(I) iodide and an N-heterocyclic carbene. The process is additive-free and does not require the amine to be transformed into its hydrochloride salts. The method is simple and practicable, has a broad substrate scope, and uses economical, feasible
Stable and Reusable Binaphthyl‐Supported Palladium Catalyst for Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Iodides
作者:Nidhi Sharma、Govindasamy Sekar
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201500642
日期:2016.1.21
A binaphthyl‐supported Pd nanoparticles (Pd‐BNP)‐catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryliodides in the presence of carbon monoxide and amines for the synthesis of amides has been developed. This methodology provides an efficient route for the synthesis of a COX‐2 enzyme inhibitor having anti‐inflammatory activity.
[EN] COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER AND MODULATION OF PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH FOR MELANOMA AND OTHER CANCER CELLS<br/>[FR] COMPOSES ET PROCEDES DE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER ET MODULATION DE LA MORT CELLULAIRE PROGRAMMEE DE MELANOMES ET D'AUTRES CELLULES CANCEREUSES