3-phenyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)propanenitrile

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡啶及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 3-phenyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)propanenitrile
• 英文别名: 3-Phenyl-2-pyridin-3-ylpropanenitrile
• 化学式: C₁₄H₁₂N₂
• 分子量: 208.263
• InChiKey: DFDYYIRFTJTEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.5
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.14
• 拓扑面积：
  36.7
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3-phenyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)propanenitrile 、 ethylene diamine mono-p-toluenesulfonic acid salt 生成 1-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-phenyl-1-[3]pyridyl-ethane
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Protiva et al., Chemicke Listy, 1952, vol. 46, p. 640,643

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-吡啶乙腈 、 氯化苄 在 sodium amide 、 苯 作用下， 生成 3-phenyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)propanenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Protiva et al., Chemicke Listy, 1952, vol. 46, p. 640,643

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Lithium Naphthalenide-Induced Reductive Alkylation and Addition of Aryl- and Heteroaryl- Substituted Dialkylacetonitriles
  作者：Hsing-Jang Liu、Jia-Liang Zhu、Jing-Po Tsao、Ting-Yueh Tsai、I-Chia Chen、Sheng-Wei Tsao

  DOI：10.1055/s-0030-1258301

  日期：2010.12

  desired reductive alkylation of 2-thienyldialkylacetonitriles, a much lower temperature such as -100 ˚C was required. Also with these substrates, an interesting ring-opening/S-alkylation process was observed when the reductive alkylation were performed at -78 ˚C to give 1-alkylsulfanyl-1,3,4-trienes. A mechanistic discussion is given for this observation. reductive alkylation - reductive addition - reductive

  研究了萘锂（LN）诱导的芳基，吡啶基和2-噻吩基取代的二烷基乙腈的还原烷基化/加成反应。在-40°C的THF中用LN处理后，芳基和吡啶基前体均可顺利进行还原性脱氰作用，并且原位生成的碳负离子很容易被卤代烷，酮，醛或什至氧气捕获，从而提供了宽范围带有新建立的季碳的官能化芳族衍生物的制备 为了实现所需的2-噻吩基二烷基乙腈的还原性烷基化反应，需要低得多的温度，例如-100°C。同样在这些底物上，当在-78°C下进行还原烷基化反应时，观察到有趣的开环/ S-烷基化过程，得到1-烷基硫烷基-1,3,4-三烯。 还原烷基化-还原加成-还原脱氰-腈-萘锂-芳基衍生物-杂芳基衍生物-取代的1,3,4-三烯
• Room Temperature, Reductive Alkylation of Activated Methylene Compounds: Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation Driven by the Rhodium-Catalyzed Water–Gas Shift Reaction
  作者：Scott E. Denmark、Malek Y. S. Ibrahim、Andrea Ambrosi

  DOI：10.1021/acscatal.6b03183

  日期：2017.1.6

  The rhodium-catalyzed water–gas shift reaction has been demonstrated to drive the reductive alkylation of several classes of activated methylene compounds at room temperature. Under catalysis by rhodium trichloride (2–3 mol %), carbon monoxide (10 bar), water (2–50 equiv), and triethylamine (2.5–7 equiv), the scope has been successfully expanded to cover a wide range of alkylating agents, including

  铑催化的水煤气变换反应已被证明可在室温下驱动几类活化的亚甲基化合物的还原烷基化反应。在三氯化铑（2-3％摩尔），一氧化碳（10 bar），水（2-50当量）和三乙胺（2.5-7当量）的催化下，其范围已成功扩大，涵盖了广泛的烷基化反应中等至高产率的包括脂肪族和芳香族醛以及环状酮在内的助剂。在某些方面，该方法与现有的还原烷基化方案相当，并且在某些方面超过了该方法。
• Base-controlled chemoselectivity: direct coupling of alcohols and acetonitriles to synthesise α-alkylated arylacetonitriles or acetamides
  作者：Chen Li、Liang Bai、Min-Tong Ge、Ai-Bao Xia、Ying Wang、Yuan-Rui Qiu、Dan-Qian Xu

  DOI：10.1039/d1nj02243a

  日期：——

  We achieved chemoselective synthesis of α-alkylated arylacetonitriles and acetamides by combining Ir complex-catalysed direct coupling of alcohols and nitriles by a simple adjustment of the base. Methanol and ethanol performed well as the alkylating reagents. This method of acetonitrile alkylation provided a novel approach for carbon chain extension.

  我们通过简单的碱调节，结合 Ir 络合物催化的醇和腈的直接偶联，实现了 α-烷基化芳基乙腈和乙酰胺的化学选择性合成。甲醇和乙醇作为烷基化试剂表现良好。这种乙腈烷基化方法为碳链延长提供了一种新方法。
• α-Alkylation of Nitriles with Primary Alcohols by a Well-Defined Molecular Cobalt Catalyst
  作者：Keshav Paudel、Shi Xu、Keying Ding

  DOI：10.1021/acs.joc.0c01822

  日期：2020.12.4

  The α-alkylation of nitriles with primary alcohols to selectively synthesize nitriles by a well-defined molecular homogeneous cobalt catalyst is presented. Thirty-two examples with up to 95% yield are reported. Remarkably, this transformation is environmentally friendly and atom economical with water as the only byproduct.

  提出了用伯醇对腈进行α-烷基化反应，以通过明确定义的分子均相钴催化剂选择性合成腈。报道了32个产率高达95％的例子。值得注意的是，这种转变是环境友好的，并且以水为唯一副产物是原子经济的。
• Base‐Promoted α‐Alkylation of Arylacetonitriles with Alcohols
  作者：Bivas Chandra Roy、Istikhar A. Ansari、Sk. Abdus Samim、Sabuj Kundu

  DOI：10.1002/asia.201900285

  日期：2019.7

  A practical method to synthesize α‐alkylated arylacetonitriles from arylacetonitriles and alcohols without using any expensive transition metal complexes is demonstrated here. Following this base‐catalysed sustainable procedure, various arylacetonitriles were successfully alkylated with different alcohols. The practical applicability of this protocol was extended by one‐pot synthesis of important carboxylic

  本文展示了一种从芳基乙腈和醇类合成α-烷基化芳基乙腈的实用方法，无需使用任何昂贵的过渡金属络合物。按照这种碱催化的可持续程序，各种芳基乙腈已成功地用不同的醇烷基化。通过重要的羧酸衍生物的一锅法合成扩展了该协议的实际适用性。