Direct Synthesis of Alkynylstannanes: ZnBr<sub>2</sub>Catalyst for the Reaction of Tributyltin Methoxide and Terminal Alkynes
作者:Kensuke Kiyokawa、Nodoka Tachikake、Makoto Yasuda、Akio Baba
DOI:10.1002/anie.201104208
日期:2011.10.24
Metal hopping: Various alkynylstannanes were synthesized by the directreaction of Bu3SnOMe with terminalalkynes at room temperature in the presence of a ZnBr2 catalyst. Rather than acting as a Lewis acid, ZnBr2 was transmetalated with Bu3SnOMe to give Zn(OMe)2, which is key to the catalytic reaction.
Sonogashira Coupling Using Bulky Palladium-Phenanthryl Imidazolium Carbene Catalysis
作者:Yudao Ma、Chun Song、Wei Jiang、Quansheng Wu、Yong Wang、Xueying Liu、Merritt B. Andrus
DOI:10.1021/ol035147k
日期:2003.9.1
[GRAPHICS]Bulky phenanthracenyl imidazolium-derived carbene ligands were investigated for copper-free Sonogashira coupling with terminal acetylenes. Aryl bromides and iodides gave coupled products in excellent yields from the Pd(PPh3)(2)Cl-2 complex with potassium t-butoxide and 18-crown-6 in THF. A remarkable dependence on the size of the ligand was found. The highest yields were obtained with the bulky 2,9-dicyclohexyl-10-phenanthryl ligand 5.
Ligand-, Copper-, and Amine-Free Sonogashira Reaction of Aryl Iodides and Bromides with Terminal Alkynes
作者:Sameer Urgaonkar、John G. Verkade
DOI:10.1021/jo049325e
日期:2004.8.1
and amine-free palladium-catalyzed Sonogashirareaction of aryl iodides and bromides with terminal alkynes have been developed. Critical to the success of this new protocol is the use of tetrabutylammonium acetate as the base. Noteworthy features of this method are room-temperature conditions and the tolerance of a broad range of functional groups in both reaction partners.