Development of the First Generation of Disulfide-Based Subtype-Selective and Potent Covalent Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1 (PDK1) Inhibitors
摘要:
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are overexpressed in most cancer cells and are responsible for aberrant glucose metabolism. We previously described bis(4-morpholinyl thiocarbonyl)-disulfide (JX06, 16) as the first covalent inhibitor of PDK1. Here, on the basis of the scaffold of 16, we identify two novel types of disulfide-based PDK1 inhibitors. The most potent analogue, 3a, effectively inhibits PDK1 both at the molecular (k(mact)/K-i = 4.17 x 10(3) M-1 s(-1)) and the cellular level (down to 0.1 mu M). In contrast to 16, 3a is a potent and subtype-selective inhibitor of PDK1 with >40-fold selectivity for PDK2-4. 3a also significantly alters glucose metabolic pathways in A549 cells by decreasing ECAR and increasing ROS. Moreover, in the xenograft models, 3a shows significant antitumor activity with no negative effect to the mice weight. Collectively, these data demonstrate that 3a may be an excellent lead compound for the treatment of cancer as a first-generation subtype-selective and covalent PDK1 inhibitor.
Development of the First Generation of Disulfide-Based Subtype-Selective and Potent Covalent Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1 (PDK1) Inhibitors
摘要:
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are overexpressed in most cancer cells and are responsible for aberrant glucose metabolism. We previously described bis(4-morpholinyl thiocarbonyl)-disulfide (JX06, 16) as the first covalent inhibitor of PDK1. Here, on the basis of the scaffold of 16, we identify two novel types of disulfide-based PDK1 inhibitors. The most potent analogue, 3a, effectively inhibits PDK1 both at the molecular (k(mact)/K-i = 4.17 x 10(3) M-1 s(-1)) and the cellular level (down to 0.1 mu M). In contrast to 16, 3a is a potent and subtype-selective inhibitor of PDK1 with >40-fold selectivity for PDK2-4. 3a also significantly alters glucose metabolic pathways in A549 cells by decreasing ECAR and increasing ROS. Moreover, in the xenograft models, 3a shows significant antitumor activity with no negative effect to the mice weight. Collectively, these data demonstrate that 3a may be an excellent lead compound for the treatment of cancer as a first-generation subtype-selective and covalent PDK1 inhibitor.
Discovery of Orally Available Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γ-t/Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Dual Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial autoimmunedisease, representing a major clinical challenge. Herein, a strategy of dual-targeting approach employing retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ-t (RORγt) and dihydroorotatedehydrogenase (DHODH) was proposed for the treatment of IBD. Dual RORγt/DHODH inhibitors are expected not only to reduce RORγt-driven Th17 cell differentiation
炎症性肠病 (IBD) 是一种多因素自身免疫性疾病,是一项重大的临床挑战。在此,提出了一种采用视黄酸受体相关孤儿受体γ-t(RORγt)和二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)的双靶向方法治疗IBD的策略。预计双重 RORγt/DHODH 抑制剂不仅可以减少 RORγt 驱动的 Th17 细胞分化,还可以减轻 T 细胞的扩增和活化,从而增强抗炎作用。从 2-氨基苯并噻唑 hit 1开始,一系列 2-氨基四氢苯并噻唑被发现是有效的双重 RORγt/DHODH 抑制剂。化合物14d以 IC 50脱颖而出RORγt 的值为 0.110 μM,DHODH 的值为 0.297 μM。在可接受的小鼠药代动力学特征下,14d表现出显着的体内抗炎活性,并且剂量依赖性地减轻了葡聚糖硫酸钠 (DSS) 诱导的小鼠急性结肠炎的严重程度。总之,本研究为开发治疗 IBD 的治疗剂提供了一个新的框架。
Development of the First Generation of Disulfide-Based Subtype-Selective and Potent Covalent Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1 (PDK1) Inhibitors
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are overexpressed in most cancer cells and are responsible for aberrant glucose metabolism. We previously described bis(4-morpholinyl thiocarbonyl)-disulfide (JX06, 16) as the first covalent inhibitor of PDK1. Here, on the basis of the scaffold of 16, we identify two novel types of disulfide-based PDK1 inhibitors. The most potent analogue, 3a, effectively inhibits PDK1 both at the molecular (k(mact)/K-i = 4.17 x 10(3) M-1 s(-1)) and the cellular level (down to 0.1 mu M). In contrast to 16, 3a is a potent and subtype-selective inhibitor of PDK1 with >40-fold selectivity for PDK2-4. 3a also significantly alters glucose metabolic pathways in A549 cells by decreasing ECAR and increasing ROS. Moreover, in the xenograft models, 3a shows significant antitumor activity with no negative effect to the mice weight. Collectively, these data demonstrate that 3a may be an excellent lead compound for the treatment of cancer as a first-generation subtype-selective and covalent PDK1 inhibitor.