Compounds are provided that are useful in inhibiting cysteine or serine proteinases. The compounds define a peptide backbone with a sulfur atom substituted in the backbone. A leaving group is associated, or bonded, to a carbon atom adjacent to the sulfur atom. The leaving group is displaceable either by hydrolysis under physiological conditions (with the hydrolyzed compound forming an aldehyde enzyme inhibitor) or by an active-site nucleophile of a cysteine or serine proteinase. When the leaving group is displaced by hydrolysis, then the compound functions as a protected derivative of the aldehyde functional group and is stabilized against oxidation or degradation, yet allows for release of the aldehyde moiety at the pharmacological site of action. The peptide sulfide analogues bearing a leaving group displaced by the active-site nucleophile covalently bond cysteine or serine proteinases and thus irreversibly inhibit these enzymes.
提供的化合物可用于抑制半胱
氨酸或
丝氨酸蛋白酶。这些化合物定义了一个含有
硫原子取代的肽骨架。一个离去基团与
硫原子相邻的碳原子相关联或结合。该离去基团可被在生理条件下的
水解(
水解后的化合物形成醛酶
抑制剂)或半胱
氨酸或
丝氨酸蛋白酶的活性位核酰亲核试剂所置换。当离去基团被
水解置换时,该化合物将作为醛官能团的保护衍
生物发挥作用,并且稳定防止氧化或降解,但允许在药理作用部位释放醛基团。含有被活性位核酰亲核试剂置换的离去基团的肽
硫代物与半胱
氨酸或
丝氨酸蛋白酶形成共价键结合,从而不可逆地抑制这些酶。