A process for preparing functionalized &ggr;-butyrolactones 3 and various biologically active compounds using mucohalic acid 1 and halide 2 in the presence of indium is disclosed, wherein X, Y, R
1
, R
2
, and R
3
may have any of the meanings defined herein.
1
披露了一种使用粘膜酸1和卤化物2在
铟的存在下制备功能化
γ-丁内酯3和多种
生物活性化合物的方法,其中X、Y、R1、R2和R3可以是本文定义的任何含义。