申请人:BAYER CORPORATION
公开号:US20020076823A1
公开(公告)日:2002-06-20
Our results thus identify two sets of necessary and sufficient criteria for observing long-wavelength emission from acridinium compounds:
Set A: (a) The creation of an extended conjugation system by the attachment of appropriate functional groups on the acridinium nucleus (electronic requirement).
(b) Coplanarity of the attached functional group and the acridone moiety during light emission (geometry requirement).
(c) Said functional group must consist of at least one aromatic ring and one electron-donating atom or group with an extra pair of electrons which can readily delocalize into the extended &pgr; system to which the heteroatom is directly attached or built into, and establish stable extended resonance with the electron-withdrawing carbonyl moiety of the light emitting acridone. Such electron-donating atom or group that exists in the form of an anion has particularly strong effect to further the bathochromic shift of the emission wavelength.
Set B: (a) A direct attachment at one or more of positions C-2, C-4, C-5, or C-7 of the acridinium nucleus, of electron-donating atoms or groups having extra pair(s) of electrons. The electron-donating entities can be the same or different if more than one electron-donating entity is used. Such electron-donating atom or group that exists in the form of an anion has particularly strong effect to further the bathochromic shift of the emission wavelength.
For molecules for which the above criteria are met such as LEAE, 3-HS-DMAE, and 2-hydroxy-DMAE long wavelength-emission exceeding 500 nm and reaching into NIR region is expected and observed.
Preferably, the utility of an NIR-AC of comparable quantum yield as the conventional acridinium compounds goes hand-in-hand with the employment of a luminenscence detector of good to excellent detection efficiency. To achieve efficient NIR signal detection and facilitate the performing of diagnostic assays, a further objective of the present invention is the advance of a concept and the realization of substituting a state-of-the-art charge-coupled device (CCD) detector for the red-insensitive photomultiplier tube (PMT) in a conventional fully or semi-automatic analyzer such as MLA-II of Chiron Diagnostics, Walpole, Mass.
我们的结果确定了观察从吖啶酮化合物中长波长发射的两组必要且充分的标准:集合A:(a)通过在吖啶酮核上附加适当的功能基团来创建扩展的共轭体系(电子要求)。 (b)在发光期间,附加的功能基团和吖啶酮基团必须共面(几何要求)。 (c)所述的功能基团必须由至少一个芳香环和一个电子供体原子或基团组成,其具有额外的电子对,可以轻易地共振到直接连接或内置到杂原子所连接的扩展π体系中,并与发光吖啶酮的电子吸引羰基基团建立稳定的扩展共振。这种以阴离子形式存在的电子供体原子或基团特别强烈地影响进一步的红移发射波长。集合B:在吖啶酮核的C-2、C-4、C-5或C-7位置直接附加具有额外电子对的电子供体原子或基团。如果使用多个电子供体实体,则这些实体可以相同或不同。这种以阴离子形式存在的电子供体原子或基团特别强烈地影响进一步的红移发射波长。对于满足上述标准的分子,例如LEAE、3-HS-DMAE和2-羟基-DMAE,预计并观察到超过500 nm并进入NIR区域的长波长发射。最好,具有与传统吖啶酮化合物相当的量子产率的NIR-AC的效用与使用检测效率良好至优秀的发光检测器相辅相成。为了实现高效的NIR信号检测并促进诊断测定的进行,本发明的另一个目标是推进一个概念并实现用最先进的电荷耦合器件(CCD)探测器替代传统的完全或半自动分析仪,例如Chiron Diagnostics的MLA-II,Walpole,Mass.中的红外不敏感光倍增管(PMT)。