地素吗啡 | 427-00-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 生物碱及其衍生物 - 吗啡烷
• 中文名称: 地素吗啡
• 中文别名: 二氢脱氧吗啡去羟饱吗啡；二氢脱氧吗啡；去氧吗啡；去羟饱吗啡
• 英文名称: desomorphine
• 英文别名: (4R,4aR,7aS,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,5,6,7,7a,13-octahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-9-ol
• CAS: 427-00-9
• 化学式: C₁₇H₂₁NO₂
• 分子量: 271.359
• InChiKey: LNNWVNGFPYWNQE-GMIGKAJZSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.8
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  5.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.65
• 拓扑面积：
  32.7
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

ADMET

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 立即急救：确保已经进行了充分的中毒物清除。如果患者停止呼吸，开始人工呼吸，最好使用需求阀复苏器、袋阀面罩装置或口袋面罩，按训练操作。如有必要，执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐，让患者前倾或置于左侧（如果可能的话，头部向下）以保持呼吸道畅通，防止吸入。保持患者安静，维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。 /毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有需要，协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，如有必要，进行治疗……。监测休克，如有必要，进行治疗……。预期癫痫发作，如有必要，进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）持续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水，则用温水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 高级治疗：对于无意识、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛，考虑给予β激动剂，如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注D5W /SRP: "保持开放"，最小流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）或乳酸林格氏液。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……。使用地西泮或劳拉西泮治疗癫痫……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。 /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 立即急救：确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸，进行人工呼吸，最好使用需求阀复苏器、气囊面罩装置或口袋面罩，按培训操作。根据需要执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐，让患者前倾或将其置于左侧（如果可能的话，头部向下）以保持呼吸道畅通，防止吸入。保持患者安静，维持正常体温。寻求医疗救助。 /腐蚀品/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Corrosives/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

/其他毒性信息/ "Krokodil"是一种混合了多种物质的药物，首次于2003年在俄罗斯被发现使用。"Krokodil"的核心成分是desomorphine，一种可以容易且便宜地自行制造的阿片类药物类似物。自行生产会导致被污染的悬浮液被静脉注射。由于其药理特性，desomorphine具有很高的成瘾潜力。考虑到西欧可能出现的首批"Krokodil"使用案例，提供关于"Krokodil"致命后果的信息似乎是明智的。

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ "Krokodil" is a mixture of several substances and was first reported to have been used in Russia in 2003. The core agent of "Krokodil" is desomorphine, an opioid-analogue that can be easily and cheaply manufactured by oneself. Self-production results in a contaminated suspension that is injected intravenously. Due to its pharmacologic features, desomorphine shows a high potential to cause dependence. Against the background of first possible cases of "Krokodil" use in Western Europe, it appears advisable to provide information regarding the fatal consequences of "Krokodil."

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  地素吗啡 在 lithium aluminium tetrahydride 、 三乙胺 作用下， 以 乙醚 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 15.0h， 生成 17-cyclopropylmethyl-4,5α-epoxy-morphinan-3-ol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  激动剂-衍生自地吗啡和美托品的拮抗剂。

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00300a009
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-甲氧基-4,5alpha-环氧-7,8-二去氢-17-甲基吗喃 在 platinum(IV) oxide 、 氢气 、 三溴化硼 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 23.0~26.0 ℃ 、400.01 kPa 条件下， 反应 1.5h， 生成 地素吗啡
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一种简便而改进的合成去氢吗啡及其氘标记的类似物

  摘要：

  摘要这项工作描述了从可待因合成去氢吗啡的方便和改进的方法。所提出的方法无需色谱纯化即可提供高纯度的鸦片剂，并为合成[ 2 H 3 ]氘标记的异吗啡提供了简单的途径。 图形概要

  DOI：

  10.1007/s00706-011-0635-y

文献信息

• [EN] QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVES, COMPOSITIONS, AND USES RELATED THERETO<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE QUINAZOLINE, COMPOSITIONS ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
  申请人：UNIV EMORY

  公开号：WO2013181135A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-12-05

  The disclosure relates to quinazoline derivatives, compositions, and methods related thereto. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to inhibitors of NADPH-oxidases (Nox enzymes) and/or myeloperoxidase.

  该披露涉及喹唑啉衍生物、组合物以及相关方法。在某些实施例中，该披露涉及NADPH-氧化酶（Nox酶）和/或髓过氧化物酶的抑制剂。
• Controlled-release compositions containing opioid agonist and antagonist
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20020010127A1

  公开（公告）日：2002-01-24

  Controlled-release dosage forms containing an opioid agonist; an opioid antagonist; and a controlled release material release during a dosing interval an analgesic or sub-analgesic amount of the opioid agonist along with an amount of said opioid antagonist effective to attenuate a side effect of said opioid agonist. The dosage form provides analgesia for at least about 8 hours when administered to human patients. In other embodiments, the dose of antagonist released during the dosing interval enhances the analgesic potency of the opioid agonist.

  含有阿片激动剂、阿片拮抗剂和受控释放材料的控释剂型，其在给药间隔期间释放阿片激动剂的镇痛或亚镇痛量以及足以减轻所述阿片激动剂的副作用的阿片拮抗剂的量。当给予人类患者时，该剂型提供至少约8小时的镇痛作用。在其他实施例中，给药间隔期释放的拮抗剂剂量增强了阿片激动剂的镇痛效力。
• PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OPIATES
  申请人：Francis A. Charles

  公开号：US20050261500A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-11-24

  A morphine component, e.g., a concentrate of poppy straw, is converted into codeine in high yield and high purity and in a highly controlled manner. The conversion process involves the following steps: (a) providing a solution or suspension of a morphine component in an inert solvent or a mixture of solvents; (b) methylating the resultant solution or suspension with a methylating agent in the presence of an alkaline ingredient; and (c) recovering the resultant codeine as the free base or as a salt.

  一种吗啡成分，例如罂粟秸秆浓缩物，以高产率、高纯度和高度受控的方式转化为可待因。转化过程涉及以下步骤：(a)在惰性溶剂或溶剂混合物中提供吗啡成分的溶液或悬浮液；(b)在碱性成分存在的情况下，用甲基化剂对所得溶液或悬浮液进行甲基化处理；以及(c)将所得的可待因作为自由碱或盐进行回收。
• CYCLODEXTRIN-BASED POLYMERS FOR THERAPEUTIC DELIVERY
  申请人：Cerulean Pharma Inc.

  公开号：US20130196906A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-08-01

  Provided are methods relating to the use of CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates for the treatment of a disease or disorder, e.g., autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, central nervous system disorder, cardiovascular disease, or metabolic disorder. Also provided are CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates, particles comprising CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates, and compositions comprising CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates.

  提供了关于使用CDP-治疗剂偶联物治疗疾病或紊乱的方法，例如自身免疫疾病、炎症性疾病、中枢神经系统紊乱、心血管疾病或代谢紊乱。还提供了CDP-治疗剂偶联物、包含CDP-治疗剂偶联物的颗粒以及包含CDP-治疗剂偶联物的组合物。
• MULTIFUNCTIONAL SMALL MOLECULES
  申请人：Baker, JR. James R.

  公开号：US20120259114A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-10-11

  The present invention relates to dendrimer synthesis. Specifically, the present invention relates to triazine scaffolds capable of click chemistry for one-step synthesis of functionalized dendrimers, and methods of making and using the same.

  本发明涉及树枝状大分子的合成。具体而言，本发明涉及能够进行点击化学的 三嗪支架，用于一步法合成功能化树枝状大分子，以及制造和使用该支架的方法。