(R)-3-羟基丁酸 | 82578-46-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羟基酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: (R)-3-羟基丁酸
• 中文别名: 磷酸铬(III)六水合物
• 英文名称: R-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate butyl ester
• 英文别名: butyl (3R)-3-hydroxybutanoate
• CAS: 82578-46-9
• 化学式: C₈H₁₆O₃
• 分子量: 160.213
• InChiKey: LHDWRKCOQQHAMP-SSDOTTSWSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  49-50 °C(lit.)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.88
• 拓扑面积：
  46.5
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  Xi
• 危险类别码：
  R36/37/38

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (R)-3-羟基丁酸 在 lithium hydroxide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 吡啶 、 甲醇 为溶剂， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  从 (R)-3-羟基丁酸的正烷基酯衍生的新型铁电液晶。分子结构与介晶性质的相关性

  摘要：

  已经合成了以下系列的新型铁电液晶，它们源自 (R)-3-羟基丁酸的正烷基酯，并研究了决定其介晶特性的几个因素：（备注：省略了图形。）的近晶多态性这些具有三个芳环的化合物受核心中连接基团的位置和种类的影响很大。从结构的角度讨论了两个末端链的长度 (m,n) 和核心中的连接基团对近晶 A 和手性近晶 C 相热稳定性的影响。

  DOI：

  10.1246/bcsj.62.1011
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  乙酰乙酸正丁酯 在 氢气 、 sodium bromide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 为溶剂， 99.84 ℃ 、9.0 MPa 条件下， 反应 20.0h， 以93%的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of alkyl 3-oxobutanoates over tartaric acid-modified Ni catalyst: Enthalpy-entropy compensation effect as a tool for elucidating mechanistic features

  摘要：

  The enantio-differentiating hydrogenations of a series of alkyl 3-oxobutanoates were carried out at the temperatures ranging from 333 to 393 K over the (R,R)-tartaric acid-modified Ni catalyst prepared from commercially available Ni powder to achieve high enantiomeric excesses of 91-94%. It was demonstrated that the enantio-selectivity was not a simple function of the reaction temperature, being enhanced in the low temperature region to reach a maximum at 363-373 K and then decreased at higher temperatures. Nevertheless, all the differential enthalpies and entropies of activation calculated from the enantiomer ratios in the low and high temperature regions compensated with each other, indicating the same enantio-differentiation mechanism over the entire temperature range. A plausible enantio-differentiation mechanism explaining the effects of hydrogenation temperature on the enantio-selectivity is proposed.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.mcat.2018.02.023

文献信息

• Biochemical Reduction of 3-Oxoalkanoic Esters by a Bottom-fermentation Yeast,<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>IFO 0565
  作者：Naoki Mochizuki、Takeshi Sugai、Hiromichi Ohta

  DOI：10.1271/bbb.58.1666

  日期：1994.1

  The scope and limitation of a bottom-fermentation yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae IFO 0565) toward the reduction of 3-oxoalkanoic esters were examined. The substrate specificity of this microorganism for various kinds of 3-oxoalkanoic esters was studied. This microorganism was distinct from converntional bakers’ yeast in terms of its selectivity in the reduction and its high expression of a hydrolytic enzyme. 3-Oxoalkanoic ester with an aromatic substituent, a halogen substituted 3-oxoalkanoic ester, an aliphatic longer-chain 3-oxoalkanoic ester and its α,α-difluoro analog were also accepted by this microorganism. The products are useful intermediates in the synthesis of physiologically active compounds.

  研究了底发酵酵母（酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerevisiae IFO 0565）在还原3-氧杂烷酸酯方面的范围和局限性。对该微生物对各种3-氧杂烷酸酯的底物特异性进行了研究。该微生物在还原选择性以及水解酶的高表达方面明显不同于传统的烘焙酵母。具有芳香取代基的3-氧杂烷酸酯、卤代3-氧杂烷酸酯、脂肪族长链3-氧杂烷酸酯及其α,α-二氟类似物也被该微生物接受。这些产品是合成生理活性化合物的有用中间体。
• Single‐Point Mutant Inverts the Stereoselectivity of a Carbonyl Reductase toward β‐Ketoesters with Enhanced Activity
  作者：Aipeng Li、Ting Wang、Qing Tian、Xiaohong Yang、Dongming Yin、Yong Qin、Lianbing Zhang

  DOI：10.1002/chem.202005195

  日期：2021.4.7

  Enzyme stereoselectivity control is still a major challenge. To gain insight into the molecular basis of enzyme stereo‐recognition and expand the source of antiPrelog carbonyl reductase toward β‐ketoesters, rational enzyme design aiming at stereoselectivity inversion was performed. The designed variant Q139G switched the enzyme stereoselectivity toward β‐ketoesters from Prelog to antiPrelog, providing

  酶的立体选择性控制仍然是主要挑战。为了深入了解酶立体识别的分子基础，并将antiPrelog羰基还原酶的来源扩展至β-酮酸酯，进行了针对立体选择性反转的合理酶设计。设计的Q139G变体将酶对β-酮酸酯的立体选择性从Prelog切换为antiPrelog，从而提供了相应的具有高对映体纯度（89.1–99.1％ee）的醇。更重要的是，在立体选择性和活性之间未找到众所周知的折衷方案。Q139G表现出比野生型酶更高的催化活性，提高了催化效率（k cat / K m）从1.1到27.1倍不等。有趣的是，突变体Q139G并未导致对芳族酮的立体选择性反转。酶-底物复合物的分析表明，β-酮酸酯的结构柔韧性和新形成的空穴共同促进了抗Prelog-首选构象的形成。相比之下，芳族酮的相对较大和刚性的结构阻止了它们形成抗Prelog优先的构象。
• KETONE BODIES TO PROTECT TISSUES FROM DAMAGE BY IONIZING RADIATION
  申请人：The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services

  公开号：EP3659595A1

  公开（公告）日：2020-06-03

  Described herein is the surprising discovery that ketone bodies protect cell and tissues from ionizing radiation. Based on this finding, methods of protecting animal tissue and cells from damage caused by radiation exposure are disclosed which include, contacting the tissue with a therapeutically effective amount of an agent including at least one ketone ester, thereby protecting the tissue from radiation damage. Ketone esters can be used to minimize, reduce and/or prevent tissue damage following intentional and accidental radiation exposure, as well as increasing the therapeutic efficacy of radiation therapies by protecting non-target tissue from incidental radiation damage.

  本文描述了酮体保护细胞和组织免受电离辐射的惊人发现。基于这一发现，本文公开了保护动物组织和细胞免受辐照损害的方法，其中包括将组织与治疗有效量的药剂（包括至少一种酮酯类）接触，从而保护组织免受辐射损伤。酮酯可用于最大限度地减少、降低和/或防止有意和意外辐照造成的组织损伤，并通过保护非目标组织免受意外辐射损伤来提高放射疗法的疗效。
• Asymmetric visible-light photobiocatalytic reduction of β-keto esters utilizing the cofactor recycling system in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
  作者：Shusei Tanaka、Hideo Kojima、Satomi Takeda、Rio Yamanaka、Tetsuo Takemura

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151973

  日期：2020.6

  The asymmetric reduction of beta-keto esters employing a wild-type strain of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under illumination of red LED light at 25 degrees C for 24 h was evaluated. As a result, the corresponding (R)-beta-hydroxy esters were obtained as major products. The R-selectivity was shown to increase for bulkier substrates. Moreover, it was also found that the R-selectivity increased with decreasing substrate concentrations. This can be explained by the assumption that the Km value of the R-selective reductase is smaller than that of the S-selective enzyme involved in the reaction. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the R-selective reductase required the light-dependent production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for effective reaction; however, the S-selective variant did not. Overall, cyanobacterium was employed as a sustainable photobiocatalyst proliferating under illumination of light, while utilizing inorganic salts and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Employing the whole-cell system allowed for the preparation of industrially-important chiral compounds, such as optically active beta-hydroxy esters. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Yatagai, Masanobu; Ohnuki, Takashi, Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions I, 1990, # 6, p. 1826 - 1828
  作者：Yatagai, Masanobu、Ohnuki, Takashi

  DOI：——

  日期：——