... Five possible metabolites of captan: 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI), cis-3-hydroxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (C3), cis-5hydroxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (C5), trans-3-hydroxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahrahydrophthalimide (T3), and trans-5-hydroxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide (T5) ...
The use of tetrahydrophthalimide (85405) (THPI) and 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic-acid (TTCA) as potential parameters for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to captan (133062). Male Wistar-rats were treated orally with 400, 814, and 1250 mg/kg and intraperitoneally with 20, 50 and 75mg/kg. Urine was collected for 48 hours in metabolism cages. Urine spot samples were collected from eight male fruit growers after spraying captan and from six nonexposed men. Capillary gas chromatography in combination with mass or sulfur selective detection was suitable for the qualitative and quantitative determination of THPI and TTCA in rat and human urine. The cumulative urinary excretion of THPI and TTCA accounted for about 5% of the delivered dose of captan. In nonexposed subjects, neither THPI nor TTCA could be detected using the currently available techniques. Occupational exposure to captan resulted in detectable excretion of both TTCA and THPI in urine. The authors conclude that THPI and TTCA have promise as parameters for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to captan.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
向大鼠喂食54%的LD50剂量的克菌丹,在血液中产生了2种代谢物:四氢酞亚胺和四氢酞酸。
Feeding 54% LD50 dose of captan to rats produced 2 metabolites in the blood: tetrahydrophthalimide and tetrahydrophthalic acid.
Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Remove patient from contact with the material. Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Dithiocarbamates and Related Compounds/
/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Dithiocarbamates and Related Compounds/
/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Use moderate hyperventilation (rate of 20 respirations per minute) if signs of cerebral edema are present. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Dithiocarbamates and Related Compounds/
/BIOMONITORING/ The contribution of dermal and respiratory exposure to captan (133062) to levels of tetrahydrophthalimide (85405) (THPI) in urine was studied among 26 fruit growers applying captan in orchards in the Netherlands. The workers used an air blast sprayer pulled by a tractor to treat an orchard. Personal air samples were used to assess pesticide particle concentrations. Skin pads were used to measure dermal exposure. Skin pads and air samples were analyzed for captan levels using high performance liquid chromatography. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for THPI by gas chromatography with chemical ionization and mass spectrometry. Estimates of total dermal exposure were based on extrapolation to total body exposures from skin pad exposures and compared to estimates based on exposure of skin pads on specific body areas. The highest dermal exposure was on the forehead, followed by the wrists and neck. Average air spraying duration was 211 minutes with a standard deviation of 84 minutes. The amount of captan handled per spraying varied from 1.7 to 22.5 kilograms. Respiratory exposure to captan was not found to contribute to urinary THPI; however, a clear association with urinary THPI was found from the estimations of exposure on the skin pads from the ankles and neck. Other factors such as use of a cabin on the tractor, wearing of gloves during mixing and loading, and the use of rubber boots also correlated very well in THPI in the urine. The authors conclude that dermal exposure data can be better linked to biological monitoring based on empirical findings as gathered in a pilot study rather than on estimates of total skin dose.
A palladium-catalyzedthree-componentcouplingreaction of 2-fluoroallylic acetates with phenols, and imides is disclosed. The reaction was effectively catalyzed by [Pd(C3H5)Cl]2/DPPF in the presence of Cs2CO3, and phenols and imides were introduced onto the allyl unit through the C–F bond activation. Furthermore, the reaction proceeds with both high regioselectivity and high Z-selectivity.
公开了2-氟烯丙基乙酸酯与酚和酰亚胺的钯催化的三组分偶联反应。该反应在Cs 2 CO 3存在下被[Pd(C 3 H 5 )Cl] 2 /DPPF有效催化,通过C-F键活化将酚和酰亚胺引入到烯丙基单元上。此外,反应以高区域选择性和高Z选择性进行。
[EN] SUBSTITUTED CYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS CYCLIQUES SUBSTITUÉS ET PROCÉDÉS D'UTILISATION
申请人:XI NING
公开号:WO2013138210A1
公开(公告)日:2013-09-19
The present invention provides novel substituted cyclic compounds, pharmaceutical acceptable salts and formulations thereof useful in modulating the protein tyrosine kinase activity, and in modulating cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of hyperproliferative disorders in mammals, especially humans.
[EN] SUBSTITUTED HETEROARYL COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS HÉTÉROARYLE SUBSTITUÉS ET LEURS MÉTHODES D'UTILISATION
申请人:CALITOR SCIENCES LLC
公开号:WO2015148868A1
公开(公告)日:2015-10-01
The present invention provides novel heteroaryl compounds, pharmaceutical acceptable salts and formulations thereof useful in preventing, treating or lessening the severity of a protein-mediated disease. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of protein kinase-mediated disease.