Application of Focused Microwaves to the Scale-Up of Solvent-Free Organic Reactions
作者:J. Cléophax、M. Liagre、A. Loupy、A. Petit
DOI:10.1021/op000031e
日期:2000.11.1
A series of typical solvent-free reactions have been safely and beneficially scaled-up to several hundred grams in a larger batch reactor (Synthewave 1000) with yields equivalent to those obtained under similar conditions (temperature, reaction time) in laboratory-scale experiments (Synthewave 402). They concern potassium acetate alkylation, regioselective phenacylation of 1,2,4-triazole, deethylation
Sintered Silicon Carbide: A New Ceramic Vessel Material for Microwave Chemistry in Single-Mode Reactors
作者:Bernhard Gutmann、David Obermayer、Benedikt Reichart、Bojana Prekodravac、Muhammad Irfan、Jennifer M. Kremsner、C. Oliver Kappe
DOI:10.1002/chem.201001703
日期:2010.10.25
Siliconcarbide (SiC) is a strongly microwave absorbing chemically inert ceramic material that can be utilized at extremely high temperatures due to its high melting point and very low thermal expansion coefficient. Microwave irradiation induces a flow of electrons in the semiconductingceramic that heats the material very efficiently through resistance heating mechanisms. The use of SiC carbide reaction
Microwave Chemistry in Silicon Carbide Reaction Vials: Separating Thermal from Nonthermal Effects
作者:David Obermayer、Bernhard Gutmann、C. Oliver Kappe
DOI:10.1002/anie.200904185
日期:2009.10.19
Running oil‐bath chemistry in a microwave! Using reaction vials made out of strongly microwave‐absorbing siliconcarbide (SiC) in a microwave reactor simulates experiments conducted in an autoclave with conductive heating because of the efficient shielding of the electromagnetic field by the SiC vial. This technology makes it possible to study the significance of microwave effects.
Nonthermal Microwave Effects Revisited: On the Importance of Internal Temperature Monitoring and Agitation in Microwave Chemistry
作者:M. Antonia Herrero、Jennifer M. Kremsner、C. Oliver Kappe
DOI:10.1021/jo7022697
日期:2008.1.1
existence of nonthermalmicrowaveeffects, four synthetic transformations (Diels−Alder cycloaddition, alkylation of triphenylphosphine and 1,2,4-triazole, direct amide bond formation) were reevaluated under both microwave dielectric heating and conventional thermal heating. In all four cases, previous studies have claimed the existence of nonthermalmicrowaveeffects in these reactions. Experimentally