羟基化(杂)芳烃在许多行业中都受到重视,既是最终产品的关键成分,又是可多样化的合成结构单元。因此,开发补充和解决引入芳香族羟基的现有方法的局限性的反应是一个重要的目标。为此,我们应用碱催化的卤素转移(X-转移)来实现弱酸性N-杂芳烃和苯的直接C-H羟基化。该方案采用醇盐碱催化从牺牲的 2-卤代噻吩氧化剂到芳基底物的 X 转移,形成发生亲核羟基化的 S N Ar 活性中间体。该过程的关键是使用 2-苯基乙醇作为廉价的氢氧化物替代物,在芳族取代和快速消除后,提供羟基化芳烃和苯乙烯副产物。使用简单的2-卤代噻吩可以实现6元N-杂芳烃和1,3-唑衍生物的C-H羟基化,而合理设计的2-卤代苯并噻吩氧化剂则将范围扩展到缺电子苯底物。机理研究表明芳香族 X 转移是可逆的,这表明去质子化、卤化和取代步骤协同作用,表现出独特的选择性趋势,不一定依赖于酸性最强的芳基位置。通过简化的目标分子合成、与替代 C-H
1-Alkyl-benzotriazole-5-carboxylic Acids Are Highly Selective Agonists of the Human Orphan G-Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR109b
摘要:
I-Substituted benzotriazole carboxylic acids have been identified as the first reported examples of selective small-molecule agonists of the human orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR109b (HM74), a low-affinity receptor for the HDL-raising drug niacin. No activity was observed at the highly homologous high-affinity macin receptor GPR109a (HM74A). The high degree of selectivity was attributed to a difference in the amino acid sequence adjacent to a key arginine-ligand interaction allowing somewhat larger ligands to be tolerated by GPR109b.
The invention provides for compounds of formula (I)
wherein R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
, R
5
, and R
6
have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated and modulated by SUV420H1. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprised of one or more compounds of formula (I).
The present invention relates to compounds of formula I
wherein A, n, R
1a
to R
1e
and R
2
to R
5
are as defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds are glucocorticoid receptor antagonists useful for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, adrenal imbalance or depression.
[EN] COMPOUNDS FOR MODULATING S1P1 ACTIVITY AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS POUR MODULER L'ACTIVITÉ DE S1P1 ET LEURS PROCÉDÉS D'UTILISATION
申请人:TREVENA INC
公开号:WO2018231745A1
公开(公告)日:2018-12-20
The present embodiments are directed, in part, to compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof for modulating the activity of S1P1 receptor and methods of using the same.
[EN] METHODS OF TREATING EPILEPSY USING THE SAME<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉS DE TRAITEMENT DE L'ÉPILEPSIE À L'AIDE DE CEUX-CI
申请人:TREVENA INC
公开号:WO2021046183A1
公开(公告)日:2021-03-11
The present embodiments are directed, in part, to compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof for modulating the activity of S1P1 receptor and methods of using the same for the treatment of seizures, epilepsy related conditions, epilepsy-related syndrome, and the like as described herein.
Disclosed herein are reversible and irreversible inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions that include the compounds. Methods of using the Btk inhibitors are described, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the treatment of autoimmune diseases or conditions, heteroimmune diseases or conditions, cancer, including lymphoma, and inflammatory diseases or conditions.