萘酰亚胺类衍生物具有独特的平面刚性结构,使其具备较强的嵌入DNA的能力。研究显示,萘二甲酰亚胺及其衍生物展现出良好的抗肿瘤活性,并对DNA分子有较高的亲和力,可通过插入作用与DNA结合,在体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长的实验中显示出微摩尔级别的IC50值。然而,这些化合物也可能对正常细胞产生较大的毒副作用。
目前,已进入临床研究的萘酰亚胺衍生物包括米托萘胺、氨萘非特、依利萘法德和双萘法德。虽然氨萘非特曾在乳腺癌的研究中进展至二期临床试验,但由于其对人骨髓的不良反应以及体内乙酰化生成N-乙酰氨萘非特可能导致的不确定毒副作用,该化合物目前仅停留在三期临床研究阶段。
用途氨萘非特作为一种化疗药物,在乳腺癌研究中曾进入II期临床。尽管它具有较高的抗肿瘤活性,但由于其对人骨髓的不良反应及体内代谢产生的不确定性,使得其进展受限于III期临床研究。
生物活性Amonafide (NSC308847, AS1413) 通过拓扑异构酶II介导导致蛋白相关的DNA链断裂。体外研究表明,在人骨髓性白血病细胞中,Amonafide治疗可引发DNA单链断裂和双链断裂,并促进DNA蛋白交联。在低浓度下,该药物能够剂量依赖性地抑制白血病细胞系的集落形成,而对正常人骨髓GM-CFC细胞无明显影响。耐m-AMSA细胞系对Amonafide的耐药性低于2倍。
此外,Amonafide干扰哺乳动物DNA拓扑异构酶II的DNA断裂重聚活性,导致DNA断裂的激活,并且与经典拓扑异构酶II抑制剂相比,其诱导的断裂强度分布不同。该化合物对胞嘧啶在位点-1具有高亲和力,而对腺嘌呤在位点+1的亲和力较低。Amonafide诱导的拓扑异构酶II介导的DNA断裂与ATP的影响较小(少于3倍),表明它是一种相对ATP不敏感的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂。
体外研究进一步显示,Amonafide显著抑制HT-29、HeLa和PC3细胞的生长,IC50分别为4.67 μM、2.73 μM 和 6.38 μM。与经典的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂(如多柔比星、依托泊苷和米托蒽醌)相比,Amonafide不被P-糖蛋白介导的外排影响。
靶点Target | Value |
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Topo II | - |
Amonafide通过拓扑异构酶II介导的反应在人骨髓性白血病细胞中导致DNA单链断裂和双链断裂,以及DNA蛋白交联。此外,在低浓度下,该药物能够剂量依赖性地抑制白血病细胞系的集落形成,而对正常人骨髓GM-CFC细胞无明显影响。
耐m-AMSA细胞系对Amonafide的耐药性低于2倍。Amonafide干扰哺乳动物DNA拓扑异构酶II的DNA断裂重聚活性,导致DNA断裂的激活,并且与经典拓扑异构酶II抑制剂相比,其诱导的断裂强度分布不同。
体外研究表明,氨萘非特对胞嘧啶在位点-1具有高亲和力,而对腺嘌呤在位点+1的亲和力较低。Amonafide诱导的拓扑异构酶II介导的DNA断裂与ATP的影响较小(少于3倍),表明它是一种相对ATP不敏感的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂。
此外,Amonafide显著抑制HT-29、HeLa和PC3细胞的生长,IC50分别为4.67 μM、2.73 μM 和 6.38 μM。与经典的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂(如多柔比星、依托泊苷和米托蒽醌)相比,Amonafide不被P-糖蛋白介导的外排影响。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
米托萘胺 | mitonafide | 54824-17-8 | C16H15N3O4 | 313.313 |
5-硝基-1H-苯并[DE]异喹啉-1,3(2H)-二酮 | 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalimide | 66266-36-2 | C12H6N2O4 | 242.191 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
氨萘非特N-氧化物 | Amonafide N-Oxide | 112726-97-3 | C16H17N3O3 | 299.329 |
N-乙酰基氨萘非特 | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-5-ylacetamide | 69409-02-5 | C18H19N3O3 | 325.367 |
—— | 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((4-hydroxybenzyl)amino)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C23H23N3O3 | 389.454 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(4-methoxylphenyl)amino]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 1358552-78-9 | C23H23N3O3 | 389.454 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-[(4-nitrophenyl)amino]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 1358552-81-4 | C22H20N4O4 | 404.425 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-ylbenzamide | —— | C23H21N3O3 | 387.438 |
—— | 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}acetamide | —— | C18H16F3N3O3 | 379.339 |
—— | 2,2,2-trichloro-N-{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}acetamide | —— | C18H16Cl3N3O3 | 428.702 |
—— | 4-chloro-N-{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}butanamide | —— | C20H22ClN3O3 | 387.866 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-{[(1Z)-(4-cyano-phenyl)-5-ylmethylene]amino}-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C24H20N4O2 | 396.448 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(2-chloroethyl)urea | —— | C19H21ClN4O3 | 388.854 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-cyanophenyl)urea | —— | C24H21N5O3 | 427.462 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)urea | —— | C23H21ClN4O3 | 436.898 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-cyanophenyl)thiourea | —— | C24H21N5O2S | 443.529 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea | —— | C23H21ClN4O2S | 452.964 |
—— | N-[({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)carbonyl]benzamide | —— | C24H22N4O4 | 430.463 |
—— | 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((3-nitrophenyl)amino)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C22H20N4O4 | 404.425 |
—— | 2-chloro-N-[({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)carbonyl]acetamide | 868962-25-8 | C19H19ClN4O4 | 402.837 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-methoxyphenyl)urea | —— | C24H24N4O4 | 432.479 |
—— | 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}acetamide | —— | C24H22ClN3O3 | 435.91 |
—— | ethyl ({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)carbonylcarbamate | 868962-28-1 | C20H22N4O5 | 398.418 |
—— | ethyl 4-N-[{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino]-4-oxobutanoate | —— | C22H25N3O5 | 411.458 |
—— | 2-(((2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl)amino)methyl)benzoic acid | —— | C24H23N3O4 | 417.464 |
—— | ethyl 3-({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)-3-oxopropanoate | —— | C21H23N3O5 | 397.431 |
—— | 2,2,2-trichloro-N-[({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)carbonyl]acetamide | 868962-26-9 | C19H17Cl3N4O4 | 471.727 |
—— | ethyl 4-N-[({2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}amino)carbonylamino]benzoate | —— | C26H26N4O5 | 474.516 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]urea | —— | C24H21F3N4O4 | 486.45 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-(4-methoxyphenyl)carbamate | —— | C24H23N3O5 | 433.464 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]thiourea | —— | C24H21F3N4O3S | 502.517 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-{[(1Z)-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino}-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 868962-44-1 | C23H21N3O4 | 403.437 |
—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-{2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl}acetamide | —— | C25H25N3O4 | 431.491 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-iodobenzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C16H15IN2O2 | 394.212 |
—— | 5-{[(1Z)-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylene]amino}-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C24H23N3O4 | 417.464 |
—— | 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzyl)amino)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C23H22N4O5 | 434.451 |
—— | 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2,4-dinitrophenyl)amino)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C22H19N5O6 | 449.423 |
—— | 5-{[1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl]amino}-N-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 868962-58-7 | C24H23N3O4 | 417.464 |
—— | 5-{[(2,3-dihydro-[1,4]-benzodioxin)-6-ylmethyl]amino}-N-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C25H25N3O4 | 431.491 |
—— | 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-{[(1Z)-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methylene]amino}-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C26H27N3O5 | 461.517 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl-urea | —— | C24H22N4O5 | 446.462 |
—— | 5-{[(1Z)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethylene]amino}-N-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-1,3(2H)-dione | 868962-42-9 | C24H21N3O4 | 415.448 |
—— | 5-phenyl-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | —— | C22H20N2O2 | 344.413 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(3-aminophenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C22H21N3O2 | 359.428 |
—— | N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-5-yl]-N'-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl-thiourea | —— | C25H24N4O4S | 476.556 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C22H20N2O3 | 360.412 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(3-trifluormethylphenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C23H19F3N2O2 | 412.411 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C23H22N2O3 | 374.439 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C23H22N2O3 | 374.439 |
—— | 5-(3'-nitro-phenyl)-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 1098129-38-4 | C22H19N3O4 | 389.411 |
—— | 2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(2-methoxyphenyl)benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione | —— | C23H22N2O3 | 374.439 |
—— | 5-{[benzo([1,3]dioxol-6-nitro)-5-ylmethyl]amino}-N-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 868962-63-4 | C24H22N4O6 | 462.462 |
—— | 5-{[(1Z)-6-nitro-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-methylene]amino}-N-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione | 868962-57-6 | C24H20N4O6 | 460.446 |
—— | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-10-methylbenzo[de]triazolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline-4,6(5H,10H)-dione | 1353887-16-7 | C17H17N5O2 | 323.354 |
—— | diethyl trans-5-[N-(2-dimethylamino)ethylnaphthalimide-3-ylcarbamoyl]-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl-3-phosphonate | —— | C25H33N4O7P | 532.533 |
—— | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-10-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzo[de]triazolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline-4,6(5H,10H)-dione | 1353887-18-9 | C18H19N5O3 | 353.381 |
—— | 5,10-bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]benzo[de]triazolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline-4,6(5H,10H)-dione | 1353887-20-3 | C20H24N6O2 | 380.45 |
—— | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-10-n-butylbenzo[de]triazolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline-4,6(5H,10H)-dione | 1353887-24-7 | C20H23N5O2 | 365.435 |
—— | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-10-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]benzo[de]triazolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline-4,6(5H,10H)-dione | 1353887-22-5 | C21H26N6O2 | 394.476 |
—— | diethyl cis-5-[N-(2-dimethylamino)ethylnaphthalimide-3-ylcarbamoyl]-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl-3-phosphonate | —— | C25H33N4O7P | 532.533 |