Identification of Two Novel Human Acyl-CoA Wax Alcohol Acyltransferases
作者:Aaron R. Turkish、Annette L. Henneberry、Debra Cromley、Mahajabeen Padamsee、Peter Oelkers、Hisham Bazzi、Angela M. Christiano、Jeffrey T. Billheimer、Stephen L. Sturley
DOI:10.1074/jbc.m500025200
日期:2005.4
The esterification of alcohols such as sterols, diacylglycerols, and monoacylglycerols with fatty acids represents the formation of both storage and cytoprotective molecules. Conversely, the overproduction of these molecules is associated with several disease pathologies, including atherosclerosis and obesity. The human acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) 2 gene superfamily comprises seven members, four of which have been previously implicated in the synthesis of di- or triacylglycerol. The remaining 3 members comprise an X-linked locus and have not been characterized. We describe here the expression of DGAT2 and the three X-linked genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains virtually devoid of neutral lipids. All four gene products mediate the synthesis of triacylglycerol; however, two of the X-linked genes act as acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferases (AWAT 1 and 2) that predominantly esterify long chain (wax) alcohols with acyl-CoA-derived fatty acids to produce wax esters. AWAT1 and AWAT2 have very distinct substrate preferences in terms of alcohol chain length and fatty acyl saturation. The enzymes are expressed in many human tissues but predominate in skin. In situ hybridizations demonstrate a differentiation-specific expression pattern within the human sebaceous gland for the two AWAT genes, consistent with a significant role in the composition of sebum.
Chemically Modified Lipase from
<i>Thermomyces lanuginosus</i>
with Enhanced Esterification and Transesterification Activities
作者:Jennifer Noro、Artur Cavaco‐Paulo、Carla Silva
DOI:10.1002/cctc.202101050
日期:2021.11.8
The chemical modification of lipasefromThermomyceslanuginosus using dodecyl aldehyde as linker, showed to beneficially improve its catalytic activity. The results reported in this paper, showed an outstanding increase of its activity towards esterification and transesterification reactions, comparing with the native form, being the most pronounced improvement obtained when using the longest alcohol